GREGORY S. BRIGHAM, Ph.D., is chief research officer and program direc­ tor at Maryhaven in Columbus, Ohio. Dr. Brigham is a psychologist with more than 20 years’ experience providing and managing drug abuse treatment. He is currently a Community Treatment Program principal investigator in the Ohio Valley Node of NIDA’s National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network. His research interes...

The plurality of conservation and environmental viewpoints often challenge community leaders and government agency staff as they seek to engage citizens and build partnerships around watershed planning and management to solve complex water quality issues. The U.S. Midwest Heartland region (covering the states of Missouri, Kansa, Iowa, and Nebraska) is dominated by row crop production and animal...

justice is a fundamental concept in islam. numerous thinkers have reflected upon it. the present article aims to study the meaning of justice from the perspective of al-farabi and ibn khaldun by a qualitative content analysis-based literature review, and in the end, assess their strategies of confronting injustice. it is worth noting that al-farabi and ibn khaldun belong to different historical...

background: substance abuse is one of the most complicated social problems. understanding socio-demographic characteristics of those who abuse substances could help deal with this problem more efficiently. the main objective of this study was to determine socio-demographic characteristics associated with alcohol drinking, cigarettes smoking and drug abuse among a sample of male medical universi...

the purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of bureaucratic structure on the employee engagement (ee). our study extends previous researches by considering bureaucracy from two points of view: enabling versus hindering. we study the extent to which these two types of bureaucracy are related to the two forms of employee engagement: organizational (oe) and work engagement (we). the vie...

the understanding of the basics and principles of inference of islamic jurisprudence- specially shi'a jurisprudence- is founded on studying the several and different titles. one of these is the reasonable principles and evidences of that's inference - based upon shi'a viewpoint. a part of them is quality and kinds of reasonable reasonings and this article contains considering the...