Today, many biotechnology firms are using strategic alliances to contract with other companies. In this article, Professor Smith contends that the governance structure of these alliances—specifically, the “contractual board”—provides an integrated restraint on opportunism. While an alliance agreement’s exit structure could provide a check on opportunism by allowing the parties to exit at will, ...

The third parties who do not declare independent claims on the subject of a dispute are subjects civil procedural legal relations, take part in case order to protect their interests. A party does is interested outcome consideration between parties, as court's decision may affect its rights or obligations one parties. main characteristic feature that distinguishes from other participants nature ...

Companies in Indonesia carry out corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the basis of taking care contractual obligations, this case complying with regulations made by central and local governments. Normatively, ideally without company should not about profits, but also welfare community environmental sustainability. This research wants to examine reveal relationship between CSR realizing Sust...

The paper elaborates on the effects of Art. 354 Civil Obligations Act reduction contractual penalty. According to this provision, court will, at request debtor, reduce penalty amount if it finds that is disproportionately high, given value and significance object obligation. takes position inadequacy subject obligation as a criterion for assessing proportionality amount. At same time, more appr...

deep economic and social developments in two recent centuries beside other important alterations, created important changes in contracting aria among them placing weak and strong parties against each other in contracts. freedom of contract, that before enjoided from some kind of sancity,could not provid contractual justice in this new conditions. therefore adjustment of this tool(contract) in a...

Following the descriptive analytical approach, this research addresses rules governing anticipatory breach of contract under United Nations Convention on Contracts for International Sale Goods (Vienna, 1980) (CISG). The first section paper presents definition breach. second introduced most important options granted to parties if principle is performed. problem study lies in showing adequacy leg...

This article intends to analyze, in light of the most recent doctrinal developments on breach-motivated contract termination premises and cases, three main false problems usually indicated by corporate law commentators as obstacles for incidence general rules multilateral contracts, using shareholders’ agreements example. It will be argued that there are no currently effect legal grounds claim ...

Transaction support is vital for reliability of business processes which nowadays can involve dynamically composed services across the Internet. However, no single transaction model is comprehensive enough to accommodate various transactional properties demanded by those processes. Therefore we intend to develop a Business Transaction Framework (BTF) that utilizes existing ingredients in the co...