This study examines the interpretation that under reduced conditions of observationthe perceived size of an object is the result of a direct response to retinal size. In opposition to thisinterpre~tion is the size-distance invariance hypothesis stating that a perceived size results from aretinal size only when an appropriate perceived distance is also present. Four experiments were<...

Pendant l’adolescence, une bonne alimentation est essentielle pour supporter des taux de croissance plus ClevCs, et, d’autre part, les habitudes didtetiques apprises dans l’enfance et l’adolescence peuvent, dans une certaine mesure, &re conservdes dans la vie d’adulte. L‘adolescence est une pCriode de modifications physiologiques et psychologiques. Un processus de transition vers une plus grand...

-Although Snail Kites (Rostrhamus sociabilis) in Florida and Venezuela fed mostly on Pomacea snails, I documented three alternative foods. In Florida, kites fed on five species of small turtles, but especially on Sternotherus odoratus and Kinosternon bauri. During the height of a drought, one kite in Florida fed on a small aquatic snail (Viviparus georgianus) for 5 weeks.In Venezuela, freshwate...

We examined the effects of water velocity on prey detection and capture by drift-feeding juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead (sea-run rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus) in laboratory experiments. We used repeated-measures analysis of variance to test the effects of velocity, species, and the velocity x species interaction on prey capture probabiJity, prey detectio...

A re-refinement of 4xan, hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) with carboplatin crystallised in NaBr solution, has been made (Tanley et al 2016). This follows our Response article (Tanley et al 2015) to the Critique article of Shabalin et al 2015, suggesting the need for corrections to some solute molecule interpretations of electron density in 4xan and removal of an organic moiety as a ligand to the p...

Amylomaltase MalQ is essential for the metabolism of maltose and maltodextrins in Escherichia coli. It catalyzes transglycosylation/disproportionation reactions in which glycosyl or dextrinyl units are transferred among linear maltodextrins of various lengths. To elucidate the molecular basis of transglycosylation by MalQ, we have determined three crystal structures of this enzyme, i.e. the apo...

•Structure of native EspA adopts a unique fold compared with other T3SS tip proteins•Native different conformation from the chaperone-bound state•The structure reveals an electropositive pattern within its lumen•In vivo studies show that electrostatics play crucial role in function The type III secretion system (T3SS) is virulence mechanism employed by Gram-negative pathogens. forms proteinaceo...

Colicin-like bacteriocins show potential as next generation antibiotics with clinical and agricultural applications. Key to these potential applications is their high potency and species specificity that enables a single pathogenic species to be targeted with minimal disturbance of the wider microbial community. Here we present the structure and function of the colicin M-like bacteriocin, syrin...

Mixed-species flocks result from co-evolved relationships between participants: interspecific gregariousness that varies in strength in different species pairs or groups. Such inter-specific associations of birds are a characteristic of most avian communities, observed in diverse habitats from forests to grasslands, estuaries to the open ocean, worldwide in both high latitudes and in the tropic...

The S-adenosyl-L-methionine dependent methylation of adenine 58 in the T-loop of tRNAs is essential for cell growth in yeast or for adaptation to high temperatures in thermophilic organisms. In contrast to bacterial and eukaryotic tRNA m(1)A58 methyltransferases that are site-specific, the homologous archaeal enzyme from Pyrococcus abyssi catalyzes the formation of m(1)A also at the adjacent po...