Minimizing the voltage of corona discharges, especially when using nanomaterials, has been of great interest in the past decade or so. In this paper, we report a new corona discharge device by using ZnO nanowires operated in atmospheric air to realize continuous corona discharge excited by hundreds of volts. ZnO nanowires were synthesized on microelectrodes using electric-field-assisted wet che...

The metric dimension is quite a well-studied graph parameter. Recently, the adjacency metric dimension and the local metric dimension have been introduced. We combine these variants and introduce the local adjacency metric dimension. We show that the (local) metric dimension of the corona product of a graph of order n and some non-trivial graph H equals n times the (local) adjacency metric dime...

The fragmentation behavior of deprotonated L-phenylalanine (Phe) and its homologues including L-homophenylalanine (HPA) and L-phenylglycine (PG) was investigated using collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry coupled with a negative ion atmospheric pressure corona discharge ionization (APCDI) technique. The deprotonated molecules [M-H](-) fragmented to lose unique neutral species, e.g.,...

Most astrophysical sources powered by accretion onto a black hole, either of stellar mass or supermassive, when observed with hard X-rays show signs of a hot Comptonizing component in the flow, the so-called corona, with observed temperatures and optical depths lying in a narrow range (0.1τ1 and 1×109KT 3×109 K). Here we argue that these facts constitute strong supporting evidence for a magneti...

BACKGROUND Nanoparticles in contact with biological fluids interact with proteins and other biomolecules, thus forming a dynamic corona whose composition varies over time due to continuous protein association and dissociation events. Eventually equilibrium is reached, at which point the continued exchange will not affect the composition of the corona. RESULTS We developed a simple and effecti...

We develop a model of the fluctuation dynamo in which the magnetic field is confined to thin flux ropes advected by a multiscale model of turbulence. Magnetic dissipation occurs only via reconnection of the flux ropes. This model can be viewed as an implementation of the asymptotic limit R_{m}-->infinity for a continuous magnetic field, where magnetic dissipation is strongly localized to small ...

We study the limit shape of successive coronas of a tiling, which models the growth of crystals. We define basic terminologies and discuss the existence and uniqueness of corona limits, and then prove that corona limits are completely characterized by directional speeds. As a result, we show that the corona limit of a periodic tiling is a convex polyhedron which is symmetric with respect to the...

Corona discharges exist in a variety of forms (streamer and diffuse, steady and pulsed) and have multi-scale nature (in both space and time). High spatial resolution is required to analyze ionization fronts, streamers and Trichel pulses observed in corona discharges. We present multi-dimensional simulations of corona and glow discharges with adaptive Cartesian mesh using fluid models. Effects o...

For a simple graph G, a vertex labeling φ : V (G) → {1, 2, · · · , k} is called k-labeling. The weight of an edge xy in G, denoted by wπ(xy), is the sum of the labels of end vertices x and y, i.e. wφ(xy) = φ(x) + φ(y). A vertex k-labeling is defined to be an edge irregular k-labeling of the graph G if for every two different edges e and f , there is wφ(e) 6= wφ(f). The minimum k for which the g...

Given two graphs G and H, assume that C = {C1, C2, . . . , Cq} is a clique cover of G and U is a subset of V (H). We introduce a new graph operation called the clique cover product, denoted by G ⋆ HU , as follows: for each clique Ci ∈ C , add a copy of the graph H and join every vertex of Ci to every vertex of U . We prove that the independence polynomial of G ⋆ HU I(G ⋆ H ;x) = I(H;x)I(G; xI(H...