the public sector is an influential partner of the market economy in many developing countries. in the absence of government’s intervention, economic functioning of these countries could turn into constant disequilibrium without any hope of growth and economic prosperity. on the other hand unlimited government intervention could harm the economic growth by unnatural expansion of public sector a...

Abstract This article presents a qualitative empirical study of elite collusion and its influence on village elections rural land development in China. Drawing ethnographic data collected from two Chinese villages, it investigates how cadres collude with other elites, using bribery, gift-giving lavish banquets, to establish reciprocal ties township officials public officials. Meanwhile, the mak...

This paper investigates the role played by the cultural norms of particularism and universalism for collusive bribery. In our theoretical framework, the act of proposing or demanding a bribe violates a commonly held social norm, thus producing a psychological cost. By lowering this psychological cost, particularism increases the probability of offering or asking for a bribe. We test the predict...

Using the scientific method, main objective of study was to identify key legal norms and aspects anti-corruption policy in order form professional competence students higher education institutions. One most pressing issues is corruption public authorities administration, which a greater or lesser extent affects almost entire system administration. A small number criminal cases bribery indicates...

Managing conflict of interest in the public sector has been and will always be a concern for governments world over. This is accentuated several African countries which continue to rank highly on corruption bribery indices. Corruption closely connected issue consequently, it important seek best practices place deal effectively with sector. Various tools legal instruments have developed by regio...

The Varsity Blues investigation uncovered a seamy side of university admissions. Multiple wealthy parents were indicted for securing their children’s admission to selective institutions through bribery. Despite the publicity indictments and guilty pleas received, public schadenfreude over sight celebrities being arrested, is most notable what it did not do: deploy federal government’s arsenal a...

In line with a wider expansion of global governance tools to prevent and punish corruption, the enforcement anti-foreign bribery laws is increasing. Yet few cases are tested in court; rather, confidential negotiations out-of-court settlements have become norm. Many argue that this favours authorities, since even firms good defence reluctant risk trial when settlement appears safer option, but t...