PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare the bone regeneration effects of cortical, cancellous, and cortico-cancellous human bone substitutes on calvarial defects of rabbits. METHODS Four 8-mm diameter calvarial defects were created in each of nine New Zealand white rabbits. Freeze-dried cortical bone, freeze-dried cortico-cancellous bone, and demineralized bone matrix with freeze-dri...

The biomechanics literature contains many well-understood mechanisms behind typical fracture types that have important roles in treatment planning. The recent association of "atypical" fractures with long-term use of drugs designed to prevent osteoporosis has renewed interest in the effects of agents on bone tissue-level quality. While this class of fracture was recognized prior to the introduc...

a 16-years-old female patient with painless swelling of the right side of mandible is described. she noticed the swelling from two years ago, without painful symptoms. axial ct imaging showed buccal expansion with intact buccal and lingual cortical bone. the report of incisional biopsy was central odontogenic fibroma. under general anesthesia the lesion was removed after ostectomy of buccal cor...

BACKGROUND After anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, formation of cortical sclerotic bone encircling the femoral and tibial tunnel is a part of intratunnel graft healing. During the physiological cascades of soft tissue healing and bone growth, cellular and hormonal factors play an important role. The purpose of this study was to non-invasively but quantitatively assess the effect ...

This paper illustrates the utility of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to study the process of tissue engineered bone growth. A micro-CT facility for imaging and visualising biomaterials in three dimensions (3D) is described. The facility is capable of acquiring 3D images made up of 2000(3) voxels on specimens up to 60mm in extent with resolutions down to 2 microm. This allows the 3D struct...

To compare the independent influence of mechanical and non-mechanical factors on bone features, multiple regression analyses were performed between pQCT indicators of radius and tibia bone mass, mineralization, design and strength as determined variables, and age or time since menopause (TMP), body mass, bone length and regional muscles' areas as selected determinant factors, in Caucasian, phys...

Overview Humans lose bone mass with age because their bones lose calcium and other minerals and become lighter, less dense and more porous. As this process continues, our bones become weaker, increasing the risk of bone fracture. A patient is said to have osteoporosis when bone mineral density (BMD), the concentration of minerals in a unit volume of bone, falls below a threshold value. Currentl...

The molecular and cellular mechanism of estrogen action in skeletal tissue remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to understand the role of estrogen receptor-beta, (ERbeta) on cortical and cancellous bone during growth and aging by comparing the bone phenotype of 6- and 13-month-old female mice with or without ERbeta. Groups of 11-14 wild-type (WT) controls and ERbeta knockout (BERKO) f...

Three-dimensional hierarchical structure of female Sprague-Dawley rat tibia cortical 11 bone was characterized as a function of age (3, 12, 32, 42, 60, and 72 weeks) using a high 12 resolution micro-computed tomography. At the whole bone level, 3 week samples exhibited 13 statistically significant differences in a mean total tissue volume, mean cortical bone volume, 14 mean cortical bone volume...