These experiments were designed to test whether the pattern of change in plasma corticosteroid or the total corticosteroid dose is important in determining the degree of inhibition of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) responses to stress by corticosteroid intermediate-delayed feedback. Five conscious dogs were studied. The ACTH response to induced hypoglycemia was measured after no prior corti...

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous (SC) belimumab in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS Patients with moderate-to-severe SLE (score of ≥8 on the Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment [SELENA] version of the SLE Disease Activity Index [SLEDAI]) were randomized 2:1 to receive weekly SC belimumab 200 mg or placebo by prefil...

Abstract Introduction There is an increasing incidence of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP) among individuals without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (non-HIV PcP). However, prognostic factors for patients with non-HIV PcP have not been identified. Moreover, A-DROP (for classifying the severity community-acquired pneumonia) or blood urea nitrogen-to-serum albumin ratio (BUN/Alb), which ...

N Engl J Med 2003;348:727-34. Copyright © 2003 Massachusetts Medical Society. n increase in tissue corticosteroid levels during acute illness is an important protective response. Many diseases and their treatments interfere with the normal corticosteroid response to illness and thus induce tissue corticosteroid insufficiency. In this article, we review the physiology of the corticosteroid respo...

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of different-course corticosteroids plus mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) as maintenance therapy in autoimmune encephalitis (AE) with neuronal surface antibodies (NSAbs) without tumor explore optimal course corticosteroids. Methods Fifty-five patients definite AE were enrolled consecutively between June 2015 November 2020 retrospectively divided three gro...

background and aims. oral pemphigus vulgaris is a chronic autoimmune mucocutaneous intraepithelial disease that primarily affects patients over the age of fifty, resulting in mucosal ulceration and is a potentially life-threatening disease. the purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of dapsone in combination with systemic corticosteroids to treat the oral lesions of oral pemphigu...

Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of oral mucosa, with an immunological origin. Atrophic/erosive OLP needs appropriate treatment, due to the pain and malignancy potential. Topical corticosteroids are the most effective drug therapy and mouthwashes are more effective topical dosage forms for this purpose. However, at present there are no corticosteroid mouthwashes availa...

Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of oral mucosa, with an immunological origin. Atrophic/erosive OLP needs appropriate treatment, due to the pain and malignancy potential. Topical corticosteroids are the most effective drug therapy and mouthwashes are more effective topical dosage forms for this purpose. However, at present there are no corticosteroid mouthwashes availa...

Because of their anti-inflammatory activity, corticosteroids generally mask the clinical signs of a contact dermatitis to a corticosteroid preparation. The lesions usually present as chronic dermatitis, and the patients mostly report not exacerbations but failures to respond to corticosteroid therapy. Moreover, masking also occurs with patch-test reactions obtained with corticosteroid preparati...

discussion while this novel type of drug delivery is known as a suitable substitute for oral and parenteral administration, it was well accepted and extensively mentioned in persian medical and pharmaceutical manuscripts and other traditional systems of medicine as well. accordingly, medieval pharmaceutical standpoints on nasal dosage forms could still be an interesting subject of study. theref...