The principles of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were explained and its application to biomedical research discussed. With 31P-NMR, it is feasible to conduct a continuous, non-invasive measurement of the contents of myocardial high-energy phosphate compounds and the intracellular pH (determined by monitoring the pH dependent shift of the inorganic phosphate peak relative to that ...

INTRODUCTION DMD is an X-linked recessive disease which occurs due to deficiency of dystrophin; an important component of muscle cytoskeleton. It is the most common form of muscular dystrophy affecting 1 in 3300 live male births. In spite of extensive research in humans and mdx mouse models no satisfactory therapeutic approach has been developed. In DMD patients, low phosphocreatine (PCr) / pho...

The second-largest cause of X-linked mental retardation is a deficiency in creatine transporter (CRT; encoded by SLC6A8), which leads to speech and language disorders with severe cognitive impairment. This syndrome, caused by the absence of creatine in the brain, is currently untreatable because CRT is required for creatine entry into brain cells. Here, we developed a brain-specific Slc6a8 knoc...

The semi-essential nutrient creatine is an important molecule in the cellular energy metabolism for short term energy storage. Energy from surplus adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) can quickly be overtaken by creatine and vice versa. Supplemental guanidino acetic acid (GAA) is a natural precursor of creatine and might be used as creatine source. Either no (negative control), 0.20, 0.40, or 0.60 g/k...

The intraperitoneal application of L-nucleosides (L-Cyd, L-Urd, L-dThd) to mice results in distribution of these compounds into tissues of the organism and their gradual excretion in the unchanged form. The residual level has been observed with L-ribonucleosides only and contains in addition to the L-nucleoside its 5'-phosphate. The phosphorylation in vivo is catalyzed by nucleoside-kinase and ...

Creatine and phosphocreatine levels are decreased in heart failure, and reductions in myocellular phosphocreatine levels predict the severity of the disease and portend adverse outcomes. Previous studies of transgenic mouse models with increased creatine content higher than two times baseline showed the development of heart failure and shortened lifespan. Given phosphocreatine's role in bufferi...

Previous studies indicate that ATP formation by the electron transport chain is impaired in sepsis. However, it is not known whether sepsis affects the mitochondrial ATP transport system. We hypothesized that sepsis inactivates the mitochondrial creatine kinase (MtCK)-high energy phosphate transport system. To examine this issue, we assessed the effects of endotoxin administration on mitochondr...

The aim of the research is to prepare a training program accompanying supplement creatine phosphate in improving strength characteristic speed and achievement 200-meter run for young men, identify effect people, researcher used experimental approach controlled manner (experimental + control) its suitability nature solving problem. sample consisted (8) runners from youth 200m running event, repr...

Creatine exerts beneficial effects on a variety of pathologies in which energy metabolism and oxidative stress play an etiological role. Creatine supplements have shown beneficial effects on neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and stroke. However, the potential benefits of creatine for patients with convu...