Riparian buffer zones are important for both natural and developed ecosystems throughout the world because of their ability to retain nutrients, prevent soil erosion, protect aquatic environments from excessive sedimentation, and filter pollutants. Despite their importance, the microbial community structures of riparian buffer zones remains poorly defined. Our objectives for this study were two...

Vegetative buffer zones adjacent to watercourses can be effective filters for diffuse pollution from agriculture. Several investigations, even during snowmelt season, have shown that retention of sediments and sediment-bound nutrients in runoff water has been high through buffer zones (BZ). It is likely that BZ also can be effective filters for sediment-bound pesticides. The retention of glypho...

In this paper, a quadtree-based mesh generation method is described to create guaranteed-quality, geometry-adapted all-quadrilateral meshes with feature preservation for arbitrary planar domains. Given point cloud, our method generates all-quad meshes with these points as vertices and all the angles are within [45◦, 135◦]. For given planar curves, quadtree-based spatial decomposition is governe...

Objective: Evaluation of onset and duration of peripheral nerve blockage with alkalinized lidocaine by borate buffer instead of sodium bicarbonate. Study design: Experimental randomized cross-over study. Animals: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight 200–300 g) were used in this study. Methods: Four 1.0% lidocaine solutions were prepared from commercially available solutions. The treat...

Local time processes parameterized by a circle, de ned by the occupation density up to time T of Brownian motion with constant drift on the circle, are studied for various random times T . While such processes are typically non-Markovian, their Laplace functionals are expressed by series formulae related to similar formulae for the Markovian local time processes subject to the Ray-Knight theore...