Random Access (RA) Medium Access (MAC) protocols are simple and effective when the nature of the traffic is unpredictable and random. In the following paper, a novel RA protocol called Enhanced Contention Resolution ALOHA (ECRA) is presented. This evolution, based on the previous Contention Resolution ALOHA (CRA) protocol, exploits the nature of the interference in unslotted Aloha-like channels...

Consumer leverage can contribute to nancial crises such as the subprime mortgage crisis characterized by increased bankruptcy prospects and tightened credit access. This paper embeds nancial frictions in the mortgage contracts of home-buyers within a two-sector economy to show that although households are not production agents and may not start as highly leveraged as nancial institutions, their...

Since the beginning of the recent recession, there has been a growing interest in timely information about lending conditions in the corporate sector: indeed, access to credit is one of the main channels through which a financial crisis may spread to the real sector of the economy. This may be particularly true in the case of Italy, where banking credit is by and large the main financing channe...

Many modern multi-service medium access protocols (MACs) use a collision based capacity request signaling channel as part of a hybrid TDMA frame structure. Multi-slot Stack Random Access Algorithm (msSTART) is proposed for use in IEEE 802.14 hybrid fiber/coaxial network and will be highly relevant for the S-MAC development of evolving WATM MAC specifications. This paper studies the performance ...

I quantify a new motive of holding cash through the channel of financing risk. I show that if the access to future credit is risky, firms may issue long-term debt now and save funds in cash to secure the current credit capacity for the future. I structurally estimate the model and find that this motive explains about 30% of cash holdings in the data. Counterfactual experiments indicate that the...

I : 10 caused a severe drop in fertility. In most of these studies as well as in more recent works (PoP, SAr.J Nand IozoN, Ig6q. ; Ani DAI &dquo; FJO ESN and HOVLAND , Ig6! ; SEMKOV and KOLE V, 19 66), the effect of dilution cannot be separated from that of the inseminated sperm number which was reduced by the increased dilution ratio. With the same number of spermatozoa per insemination dose, ...

Secure communications are an important precondition of e-commerce transactions and are required for confidential electronic communications. Every e-commerce system relies on encryption to secure data transmission by controlling data access and protect information on the internet and ultimately boost consumer confidence. By implementing encryption, integrity is maintained while digital authentic...

Access to finance is critical support the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). However, lack access adequate financing one biggest obstacles that SMEs face. This paper analyzed relationship between firm characteristics credit constraints among in Philippines. We determined which are correlated predicted probability being credit-constrained or “quasi-constrained” — i.e., able bor...

This study aims to test financial literacy and credit conditions in determining formal access determine the performance of MSMEs. research includes type associative that is accompanied by hypothesis testing. was conducted on MSMEs as many 324 creative industry players four cities East Java (Mojokerto, Pasuruan, Gresik, Sidoarjo) with a sample size 100 actors who had accessed using stratified ra...