Media is often used by intelligence agencies to spread propaganda and information but also as an important source of open information. Although not all journalists are spies, officers work undercover journalists, allowing them ask questions be “noisy” without giving rise suspicions (Braden, 1977). Indeed, media in need agencies, for protection, “leaks” from which gives material reporting discus...

Recent research shows that financial reports are losing relevance. Mainly this is due to the growing strategic importance of intangible assets in the performance of a company. A possible solution is to modify accounting standards so that statements include more self-generated intangible assets, taking into account with their inherent risk and difficulty of valuation. We surveyed loan officers w...

Purpose – One of the key elements in the banking industry relies on the appropriate selection of customers. To manage credit risk, banks dedicate special efforts to classify customers according to their risk. The usual decision-making process consists of gathering personal and financial information about the borrower. Processing this information can be time-consuming, and presents some difficul...

This study aims to analyze the root causes of data quality problems in Foreign Exchange Reporting (LLD) as primary source used preparation Indonesian Balance Payments (NPI), especially service transactions. The research method is qualitative with a case approach. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation, and document analysis. results concluded that problem LLD reporting ...

Substantial numbers of smallholder co-operatives in Africa fail each year due to their inability to be self-sustaining. Liberalization of Mali‘s cereal sector in the 1990s resulted in transition from a cereal deficit to self-sufficiency. However, problems like credit, poor marketing and low prices hindered real development of the sub-sector. In 1997, the FASO JIGI Cooperative marketing project,...

Since the beginning of the recent recession, there has been a growing interest in timely information about lending conditions in the corporate sector: indeed, access to credit is one of the main channels through which a financial crisis may spread to the real sector of the economy. This may be particularly true in the case of Italy, where banking credit is by and large the main financing channe...

This study examined Taiwanese female and male police officers’ perceptions of handling domestic violence. Specifically, it assessed officers’ attitudes toward whether female officers, male officers, or a combination of female and male officers are more suited for handling cases of battered women, offenders, and domestic violence overall. Survey data were collected from 96 female and 156 male of...

We present evidence that cultural proximity (shared codes, beliefs, ethnicity) between lenders and borrowers increases the quantity of credit and reduces default. We identify in-group lending using dyadic data on religion and caste for officers and borrowers from an Indian bank, and a rotation policy that induces exogenous matching between them. Having an in-group officer increases credit acces...

We use a regression discontinuity design to investigate the effect of the Community Reinvestment Act on consumer credit outcomes using data from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s Consumer Credit Panel database (Equifax data) for the years 2004 to 2012. A bank’s activities in census tracts with median family incomes less than 80 percent of the metropolitan statistical area (MSA) median fami...

Many factors innuence the performance of a learned classiier. In this paper we study diier-ent methods of measuring performance based on a uniied set of cost models and the eeects of training class distribution with respect to these models. Observations from these eeects help us devise a distributed multi-classiier meta-learning approach to learn in domains with skewed class distributions, non-...