Forest production depends on CO2 assimilation, but is rarely solely a function of leaf-level photosynthesis. Crown characteristics may affect tree growth by altering light interception and photosynthesis at canopy level. Strong light gradients are present in forest canopies, which often result in parallel changes in leaf morphology and leaf nitrogen for efficient use of light in photosynthetic ...

Urban areas consume more than 66% of the world's energy and generate more than 70% of global greenhouse gas emissions. With the world's population expected to reach 10 billion by 2100, nearly 90% of whom will live in urban areas, a critical question for planetary sustainability is how the size of cities affects energy use and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Are larger cities more energy and emi...

The increasing automobile vehicles and congestions in the world cause critical pollutions such as air and noise. Hence, we need comprehensive measures to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emission in transportation area. Many researchers have studied the impact of adopting ecofriendly vehicles such as electric vehicle (EV), hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), and fu...

Previous studies have reported mixed results when correlating etCO2 and PaCO2 in mechanically ventilated patients with underlying respiratory disease. However, the utility and accuracy of capnography in nonintubated patients, without chronic pulmonary disease, has received little attention. We studied 25 nonintubated surgical patients to (1) examine the correlation between PaCO2 and etCO2 and (...

[1] We assess the response of atmospheric CO2 ( pCO2) and ocean chemistry to carbon perturbations, placing modern carbon‐cycle sensitivity in the context of the Cenozoic. We use the carbon‐cycle model LOSCAR to study the effect of perturbations over the past 67 Ma. Our results indicate that atmospheric CO2 and surface ocean pH were slightly more sensitive to carbon perturbations during the Mioc...

The reaction of CoCl2·6H2O, N,N-bis-(2-hy-droxy-eth-yl)glycine and tri-ethyl-amine (Et3N) in ethanol solution under solvothermal conditions produced crystals of [N,N-bis-(2-hy-droxy-eth-yl)glycinato]chloridocobalt(II), [Co(C6H12NO4)Cl]. The CoII ion is coordinated in a slightly distorted trigonal-bipyramidal environment which is defined by three O atoms occupying the equatorial plane and the N ...

This report focuses on the technical approach that was outlined in the research proposal as well as the work that has been initiated since the start of this project. The first section summarizes the general technical approach on which this research is based. The remaining sections describe the studies that have been initiated since the project began and present some of the pertinent, preliminar...

Abstract Thermodynamic efficiency is a crucial factor of power cycle. Most the studies indicated that increases with increasing heat source temperature, regardless type. Although this assumption generally right, when temperature close to critical can decrease efficiency. Therefore, in some cases, increase like using improved or more collectors for solar have double negative effect by decreasing...

Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is critical for CO2 excretion in adult fish, but little is known of the expression or function of CA during early development. The present study examined the hypothesis that, as rates of CO2 production increased during early development in zebrafish (Danio rerio), CA would become necessary for effective CO2 excretion, and that the pattern of CA expression during early de...