T his empirical analysis endeavors to trace out the causal nexus between core inflation and economic growth from the perspective of twenty worlds’ leading economy with the help of the nonlinear Granger causality approach by using time series data from 1981 to 2016. Based on nonlinear Granger causality results, it has been found that there is unidirectional casualty running from core ...

Each system used for diagnosis problem solving needs a knowledge base specifying the causal, structural or functional interactions among components of the diagnosed objects. A diagnostic specification in a diagnostic system is a semantic interpretation of a knowledge base. We introduce the notion of diagnostic specification morphism and some operations of diagnostic specifications. They can be ...

How do people attribute responsibility to individuals in a group? Several models in psychology predict that there is a close relationship between counterfactuals and responsibility: how responsible an individual’s contribution is seen depends on whether it made a difference to the outcome. We first review these models and then point out a major limitation: people sometimes hold individuals resp...

The literature on father absence is frequently criticized for its use of cross-sectional data and methods that fail to take account of possible omitted variable bias and reverse causality. We review studies that have responded to this critique by employing a variety of innovative research designs to identify the causal effect of father absence, including studies using lagged dependent variable ...

This paper examines the causal relationship between energy use and real GDP for the period 1967-2002 in Iran. The results of Phillips- Perron test indicate that the real GDP and the four categories of energy, i.e. coal, oil, gas, and hydroelectric energy are integrated of order one. Besides, the Johansen — Juselius maximum likelihood co- integration tests imply the existence of Granger causalit...

In the framework of a five-dimensional model with one 3-brane and an infinite extra dimension, we discuss a process in which matter escapes from the brane and propagates into the bulk to arbitrarily large distances. An example is a decay of a particle of mass 2m residing on the brane into two particles of mass m that leave the brane and accelerate away. We calculate, in the linearized theory, t...

When did something almost happen? In this paper, we investigate what brings counterfactual worlds close. In Experiments 1 and 2, we find that participants’ judgments about whether something almost happened are determined by the causal proximity of the alternative outcome. Something almost happened, when a small perturbation to the relevant causal event would have been sufficient to bring it abo...

this paper investigates the relationship between total energy consumption and gdp in six countries of the middle east , including iran,pakistan,saudi arabia,oman,bahrain and the united arab emirates. the data are annual and spanning the period 1980-2012.we employed hsiao’s (1981) methodology to examine causality relation between total energy consumption and gdp.the empirical findings show a uni...

Protein structure analysis from DNA sequences is an important and fast growing area in both computeT science and biochemistry. Although interesting approaches have been studied, it is very dificult to capture the characteristics of protein, since even a simple protein are made of more than 100 amino acids, which makes biochemical experiments very dificult to detect functional components. For th...

population in all countries plays a fundamental role in economic growth and economic development. but besides absolute size and growth rate of population, the more important factor will be “age structure” or “age distribution” of population, because it can be as source of many economical, social, and political challenges. in this research, we investigate effect of changes in population shares i...