The effects of a custom moulded insole and a rockerbar on peak pressure and force impulse as well as on pain scores in subjects with a history of metatarsalgia were studied. In addition the subjects' preference for the type of intervention was determined. Forty-two subjects with a history of primary metatarsalgia were selected. They were all provided with the same brand of extra depth shoes wit...

Background and Objectives: Among the foot orthoses prescribed to improve postural control in chronic ankle instability, foot orthoses designed to affect both types of mechanical and functional instability have a limited research background. In the present study, a type of foot orthosis named the custom mold with a raised ridge around the perimeter was designed, and manufactured, and its effect ...

A distinctive feature of medical malpractice law is its acceptance of medical custom as the dispositive legal standard of care. Outside the field of medical malpractice, long established legal doctrine accords limited weight to custom in defining the general standard of care in negligence cases.' In medical practice, by contrast, the legal standard of due care is virtually defined by the custom...

From the US to Italy, from Brazil Japan, cities all over world are increasingly vocal on migration issues. Advocating for alternative approach immigrants' welcome, their stand and policies may at times be in blunt contradiction with national approaches. This paper gives an overview of this new form urban militancy, its recent evolution, forms, networks. Drawing case studies France, Spain it see...

This paper challenges conventional views of violent religious extremism, particularly those that emphasize militant theology. We offer an alternative analysis that helps explain the persistent demand for religion, the different types of religious that naturally arise, and the special attributes of the “sectarian” type. Sects are adept at producing club goods – both spiritual and material. Where...