Three studies addressed the role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in mammary tumorigenesis using epithelial and macrophage COX-2 knockout mice. Deletion of COX-2 in either cell restored, at least partially, tumor immunosurveillance either by changing macrophage function to offset pro-tumor effects, or by attracting more cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells to the tumor. These studies sug...

Inflammation is a complex biological response and like other parts of the body, ocular inflammation could have untoward effects on vision if not detected and/or diagnosed early. NSAIDs are the major ocular therapeutics for treating such eye inflammations and preferred over corticosteroids. NSAIDs are given orally as well as topically to treat ocular inflammations, however topical route is prefe...

We previously reported that epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced esophageal cancer cell proliferation required transactivation of β-adrenoceptor. In the present study, we further investigated whether β2-adrenoceptor was involved in the modulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and cell proliferation by EGF in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Human ESCC cell line KYSE-30 was t...

Preclinical Research MicroRNA (miR)-155 and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 are both elevated in numerous cancers including colorectal cancer. MiR-155 enhances COX-2 expression and is an established regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and inflammation. Inhibition of miR-155 or COX-2 exhibit similar negative effects on tumorigenicity. Thus, it is hypothesized that miR-155 may be a promising ta...

Both selective and nonselective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors can reduce potassium excretion and can produce or exacerbate hyperkalemia.1–12 We investigated whether there is a difference between the effects of nonselective COX-1/ COX-2 inhibitors and selective COX-2 inhibitors on provoked dynamic renal potassium excretion. We apply a mixed-effects model statistical approach that allows invest...

We have recently shown that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) transcription is markedly induced after herpes simplex virus type 1 and pseudorabies virus (PRV) infections of rat embryonic fibroblast (REF) cells (N. Ray and L. W. Enquist, J. Virol. 78:3489-3501, 2004). For this study, we investigated the role of cyclooxygenase induction in the replication and growth of PRV. We demonstrate here a concordan...

Valproic acid (VA), widely used as an antiepileptic, causes structural and functional kidney disorders. Whether thymoquinone (TQ) has a beneficial effect on valproic (VA)-induced nephrotoxicity been investigated. Twenty-one male Spraque Dawley rats were grouped into control, VA, VA + TQ groups (n=7 for per group). (500 mg/kg/day) (50 applied to the orally 14 days. They euthanized 15th day of tr...

Abstract Introduction Due to the severe side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, there is an urgent need find new natural or synthetic chemicals that could act as selective inhibitors cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The most valuable source bioactive compounds and potential drugs are plants. present study aimed at investigation Levidor TM , a patented composition based on oil from seeds...

A major pharmaceutical problem is designing diverse and selective lead compounds. The human genome sequence provides opportunities to discover compounds that are protein selective if we can develop methods to identify specificity determinants from sequence alone. We have analyzed sequence and structural diversity of sheep COX-1 and mouse COX-2 proteins by Active Site Profiling (ASP). Eleven res...

Flunixin meglumine and meloxicam are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Flunixin meglumine is classified as a carboxylic acid. Its mechanism of action is believed to be primarily via the inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. This inhibition results in decreased formation of cyclooxygenase-derived eicosanoids involved in the pathophysiology of inflammation, such as thromboxanes ...