Notch and interleukin-22 (IL-22) signaling are known to regulate tissue homeostasis and respond to injury in humans and mice, and the induction of endogenous aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) ligands through Notch links the two pathways in a hierarchical fashion. However in adults, the species-, organ- and injury-specific gene expression of the Notch-AhR-IL22 axis components is unknown. We theref...

Supplemental oxygen therapy is frequently used in the treatment of pulmonary insufficiency, as is encountered in premature infants, and in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, hyperoxia causes lung damage in experimental animals and may do so in humans. Cytochrome P4501A enzymes have been implicated in hyperoxic lung injury. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms o...

Ahr is a ligand-activated bHLH/PAS transcription factor involved in cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene regulation and murine susceptibility to atherogenic stimuli. The present studies were conducted to examine constitutive and inducible expression of Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from Ahr(+/+) and Ahr(-/-) mice. Cyp1a1 mRNA was not expressed constitutively in VSMCs irrespect...

Cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) has been implicated in the conversion of numerous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons into electrophilic species capable of binding covalently to DNA and has therefore been postulated to be involved in the initiation of carcinogenesis. The expression of CYP1A1 protein appears not to be constitutive, but is readily inducible by aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor ligands in a...

Variations in the activities of Cytochrome P450s are one of the major factors responsible for inter-individual differences in drug clearance rates, which may cause serious toxicity or inefficacy of therapeutic drugs. Various mRNA level is one of the key factors for different activity of the major P450 genes. Although both genetic and environmental regulators of P450 gene expression have been wi...

The drug metyrapone in the presence of glucocorticoid has been shown to induce the expression of rat hepatic cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 1A1 mRNA in vivo and in vitro through disruption of endogenous CYP1A1 regulator homeostasis and without either compound's binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Addition of metyrapone to human liver cancer cell cultures, with or without dexamethasone, did not in...

The drug metyrapone in the presence of glucocorticoid has been shown to induce the expression of rat hepatic cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 1A1 mRNA in vivo and in vitro through disruption of endogenous CYP1A1 regulator homeostasis and without either compound’s binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Addition of metyrapone to human liver cancer cell cultures, with or without dexamethasone, did not in...

background: the availability of testis specific genes will be of help in choosing the most promising biomarkers for the detection of testicular sperm retrieval in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (noa). testis specific chromodomain protein y 1 (cdy1) is a histone acetyltransferase which concentrates in the round spermatid nucleus, where histone hyperacetylation occurs and causes the re...

Wild Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (WG) is a well-known medicinal herb. In this study, the protective effects of a water extract from the root of WG on benzo[alpha]pyrene (BP)-induced hepatotoxicity and the mechanism of these effects were investigated for the first time. The effects of WG on liver toxicities induced by BP were assessed by blood biochemical and histopathological analyses. BP caused s...