Rate-limiting processes of catalysis by eukaryotic molybdenum-containing nitrate reductase (NaR, EC 1.7.1.1-3) were investigated using two viscosogens (glycerol and sucrose) and observing their impact on NAD(P)H:NaR activity of corn leaf NaR and recombinant Arabidopsis and yeast NaR. Holo-NaR has two "hinge" sequences between stably folded regions housing its internal electron carriers: 1) Hing...

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a group of inherited disorders in which phagocytic cells fail to generate antimicrobial oxidants. The various forms of CGD can be classified in terms of the mode of inheritance (either X-Iinked or autosomal recessive), and whether the neutrophils display the absorbance spectrum of a unique b-type cytochrome important for the function of the respiratory bur...

Organelle gene expression is characterized by nucleus-encoded trans-acting factors that control posttranscriptional steps in a gene-specific manner. As a typical example, in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, expression of the chloroplast petA gene encoding cytochrome f, a major subunit of the cytochrome b(6)f complex, depends on MCA1 and TCA1, required for the accumulation and translation of the petA ...

The mRNAs from two yeast mitochondrial genes cob-box (cytochrome b) and oxi-3 (cytochrome oxidase 40,000 dalton subunit) are processed from large (7-10 kb) precursors. Certain mutations in each gene block the maturation of the RNAs from both genes at a variety of specific steps. The pleiotropic cytochrome b mutants seem to lack a functional trans-acting RNA required for the processing of both m...

We assessed the mitochondrial DNA sequence divergence of a 718 bp fragment of the control region and 1007 bp of the cytochrome b gene between two allopatric morphologically different subspecies of bluethroat (Luscinia svecica). None of the 17 total haplotypes was shared between L. s. namnetum and L. s. svecica. However, the mean distances between subspecies were very low for both fragments (0.0...

The electron transport chain of the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, grown aerobically, contained a number of primary dehydrogenases and respiratory components (soluble flavin, bound flavin, coenzyme Q9, heme b, heme c, and cytochrome o) in membrane particles of the organism. Cytochrome o, about 50% of the b-type cytochrome, seemed to function as a terminal oxidase in the respira...