Lactic acidosis is a clinical condition due to accumulation of H(+) ions from lactic acid, characterized by blood lactate levels >5 mM and arterial pH <7.25. In addition to supportive care, treatment usually consists of intravenous NaHCO(3), with a resultant mortality >60%. Dichloroacetate (DCA) is a compound that lowers blood lactate levels under various conditions in both man and laboratory a...

BACKGROUND In 2003, the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) published the Recommended Guidelines for Uniform Reporting of Data from Drowning: the "Utstein style" ("Utstein Style for Drowning," USFD) to improve the understanding of epidemiology, treatment, and outcome prediction after drowning. AIMS The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics and outcome betwe...

Dichloroacetate sodium (DCA) is a nonproprietary drug currently used for treatment of inherited mitochondrial diseases. It was discovered in 2007 that DCA promotes human cancer cell death by a novel mechanism. Soon after this discovery, physicians began using DCA off-label for cancer treatment in a palliative setting. A case report is presented of a 71-year-old male with poorly differentiated c...

Dichloroacetate (DCA) is a xenobiotic of interest to both environmental toxicologists and clinicians. The chemical is a product of water chlorination and of the metabolism of various drugs and industrial chemicals. Its accumulation in groundwater and at certain Superfund sites is considered a potential health hazard. However, concern about DCA toxicity is predicated mainly on data obtained in i...

Iturriaga, Rodrigo, and Julio Alcayaga. Effects of CO2HCO3 2 on catecholamine efflux from cat carotid body. J. Appl. Physiol. 84(1): 60–68, 1998.—Using a chronoamperometric technique with carbon-fiber microelectrodes and neural recordings, we simultaneously measured the effects of the following procedures on catecholamine efflux (DCA) and frequency of chemosensory discharges (fx) from superfuse...

We study dynamic communicating automata (DCA), an extension of classical communicating finite-state machines that allows for dynamic creation of processes. The behavior of a DCA can be described as a set of message sequence charts (MSCs). While DCA serve as a model of an implementation, we propose branching high-level MSCs (bHMSCs) on the specification side. Our focus is on the implementability...

Preeclampsia may affect severely the cerebral circulation leading to impairment of cerebral autoregulation, edema, and ischemia. It is not known whether impaired autoregulation occurs before the clinical onset of preeclampsia, and whether this can predict the occurrence of preeclampsia. Seventy-two women at 25 to 28 weeks of gestation were studied. Control values were derived from 26 nonpregnan...

Metformin and the mitochondrial targeting dichloroacetate (DCA) have recently received attention due to their ability to inhibit anaerobic glycolysis, which renders most cancer cells resistant to apoptosis induction. We observed that Metformin alone exhibited a dose-dependent anti-leukemic activity in both B leukemic cell lines and primary B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) patients' cells ...

The fungicides vinclozolin and iprodione are widely used in agriculture. These pesticides are dicarboximide fungicides containing the common moiety 3,5-dichloroaniline (3,5-DCA). It has been suggested that low-level exposures to such compounds may be associated with adverse health effects such as endocrine disruption. In this study a method using liquid chromatography/triple quadrupole mass spe...

Spontaneous apoptosis in hepatocytes of male B6C3F1 mice that received dichloroacetic acid (DCA) in their drinking water for 5-30 days (28-58 days of life) was examined as part of ongoing studies to determine the molecular basis of the hepatocarcinogenicity of this nongenotoxic water chlorination by-product. DCA at 0.5 and 5.0 g/liter, significantly reduced apoptosis relative to untreated contr...