We have recently shown that stimulus acceleration affects subsequent preferred speed and tuning widths of macaque area MT neurons (A. Schlack, B. Krekelberg, & T. D. Albright, 2007). Given the close link between area MT and speed perception, this predicts that speed perception should depend on the acceleration context. Here, we show that this is indeed the case for both speed discrimination and...

1. The role of phasic muscle activation in determining the temporal properties of human arm movements was studied. The experiments show that subjects can modulate the triphasic electromyographic (EMG) pattern to produce movements of varied temporal structures. 2. Subjects performed horizontal forearm movements in which they varied movement accelerations and decelerations. All movements were of ...

Locomotion is an integral aspect of the prey capture strategy of almost every predatory animal. For fishes that employ suction to draw prey into their mouths, locomotor movements are vital for the correct positioning of the mouth relative to the prey item. Despite this, little is known regarding the relationships between locomotor movements and prey capture. To gain insights into how fishes mov...

The present study investigates how the CNS deals with the omnipresent force of gravity during arm motor planning. Previous studies have reported direction-dependent kinematic differences in the vertical plane; notably, acceleration duration was greater during a downward than an upward arm movement. Although the analysis of acceleration and deceleration phases has permitted to explore the integr...

OBJECTIVE To study the prognostic value of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function and its relation with autonomic balance expressed by heart rate variability (HRV) in patients after a first acute myocardial infarction. DESIGN The study population consisted of 64 consecutive patients with first acute myocardial infarction and 31 control subjects. Long and short term HRV indices were evaluate...

Traffic flow on straight roads is the most common traffic phenomenon in urban road traffic networks. In this paper, a realistic cellular automaton (CA) model is proposed to investigate driver behavior on urban straight roads based on our field observations. Two types of driver behavior, free and car-following, are simulated. Free driving behavior is modeled by a novel five-stage speeding model ...

Classical washout algorithm for driving simulators doesn’t take into account the non-linearity of human sensory systems. Our previous work showed that the most realistic tilt/translation ratio for the simulation of braking during passive driving depends on the level of deceleration. However, the interpretation of previous results cannot be extended to acceleration. Therefore, a new experiment w...

Evaluations of crash protection safety features require measures for quantifying impact severity. Velocity change (delta-V) is the major descriptor of collision severity used in most real-world crash databases. One of the limitations of delta-V is that it does not account for the time over which the crash pulse occurs (delta-t). Late model GM vehicles equipped with event data recorders capture ...

In this paper, we develop a discrete time, state variable feedback control regime to analyze the closed-loop properties associated with stabilizing the global mean surface temperature anomaly at 2oC within a sequential decision making framework made up of 20 year review periods beginning in 2020. The design of the feedback control uses an optimal control approach that minimizes the peak deceler...