نتایج جستجو برای: defoliation frequency and intensity
تعداد نتایج: 16895313 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
the debate whether esp teachers need to have knowledge of the specialized field they are teaching has been an issue in the literature over the last two decades. the aim of conducting this study was to explore iranian learners’ and instructors’ beliefs and attitudes concerning the role of specialized knowledge in teaching esp classes. a seventeen item questionnaire was administered to 400 esp le...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Monoecious plants have the capacity to allocate resources separately to male and female functions more easily than hermaphrodites. This can be advantageous against environmental stresses such as leaf herbivory. However, studies showing effects of herbivory on male and female functions and on the interaction with the plant's pollinators are limited, particularly in tropical p...
ÐThe eect of defoliation on growth and on levels and allocation patterns of hydroxamic acids (Hx) in maize seedlings was evaluated 6 days after treatment. No signi®cant dierences were found between defoliated and nondefoliated plants for the Hx concentration, relative Hx content and Hx-aglucone to Hxglucoside ratio in shoots, roots and root exudates, with the exception of Hx concentration in ...
Introduction: In recent years, compact fluorescent lamps have been more widely used across the country as a means of optimizing energy consumption. Given the health consequences of lighting sources, the present study was conducted to investigate the intensity of electromagnetic fields emitted by common compact fluorescent lamps. Materials and Methods: The study examined 54 compact fluo...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Both nutrient availability and defoliation affect the carbon-nutrient balance in plants, which in turn influences biomass allocation (e.g. shoot-to-root ratio) and leaf chemical composition (concentration of nitrogen and secondary compounds). In this study it is questioned whether defoliation alters biomass allocation and chemical defence in a similar fashion to the response...
Climate change is expected to increase both pest insect damage and the occurrence of severe drought. There is therefore a need to better understand the combined effects of biotic and abiotic damage on tree growth in order to predict the multi-factorial effect of climate change on forest ecosystem productivity. Indeed, the effect of stress interactions on tree growth is an increasingly important...
The foliage status in the main stem of Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris) was studied retrospectively using the needle trace method (NTM) on a stand, seriously defoliated by the pine sawfly (Diprion pini) in the 1980s. Needle density increased abruptly in the seasons following the defoliation. The strongest reduction in annual needle production occurred one year later. As a consequence of lower nee...
the methods which are used to analyze microstrip antennas, are divited into three categories: empirical methods, semi-empirical methods and full-wave analysis. empirical and semi-empirical methods are generally based on some fundamental simplifying assumptions about quality of surface current distribution and substrate thickness. thses simplificatioms cause low accuracy in field evaluation. ful...
Highlights Defoliation initiates physiological recovery and chemical defense mechanisms in Phalaris aquatica . Under infrequent defoliation treatment, P. has high DM production. severity on herbage regrowth was associated with variation of secondary metabolite content antioxidant activity. may be suited to conservation pasture systems; the interval between cuts is about six weeks maximize rates...
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