Hyponatremia is the most frequent electrolyte derangement in clinical practice and is often associated with dehydration. This happens when the water deficit is combined with a larger solute deficit. This study, carried out in the Emergency Department, was aimed to explore efficacy and safety of two different therapeutic strategies, based on a quantitative approach (AdroguéMadias formula) for tr...

Dehydration (body water deficit) is a physiologic state that can have profound implications for human health and performance. Unfortunately, dehydration can be difficult to assess, and there is no single, universal gold standard for decision making. In this article, we review the physiologic basis for understanding quantitative dehydration assessment. We highlight how phenomenologic interpretat...

Pervaporation (PV) is a well-established membrane technique used in separation; especially dehydration of organic solvents. Along with other parameters such as permeate pressure and feed temperature; feed composition is an important parameter, which affects separation characteristics and membrane performance in pervaporation. In this paper, the separation characteristics of a hydrophilic polyvi...

Abstract Modifying environmentally harmful waste polystyrene foam as an efficient recyclable adsorbent for organic dyes is important. Amidation modified (PS-SD) was prepared by the Friedel-Crafts reaction and N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) dehydration condensation of foam. PS-SD had highly removal performance in large volume water sample solutions, equilibrium achieved 0.5 h. The maximum a...

The kinetics and mechanisms for the unimolecular decomposition reactions of formic acid and oxalic acid have been studied computationally by the high-level G2M(CC1) method and microcanonical RRKM theory. There are two reaction pathways in the decomposition of formic acid: The dehydration process starting from the Z conformer is found to be the dominant, whereas the decarboxylation reaction star...

The mechanisms and kinetics of unimolecular decomposition of succinic acid and its anhydride have been studied at the G2M(CC2) and microcanonical RRKM levels of theory. It was shown that the ZsgsZ conformer of succinic acid, with the Z-acid form and the gauche conformation around the central C-C bond, is its most stable conformer, whereas the lowest energy conformer with the E-acid form, ECGsZ,...

5-(Hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) and levulinic acid production from glucose in a cascade of reactions using a Lewis acid (CrCl3) catalyst together with a Brønsted acid (HCl) catalyst in aqueous media is investigated. It is shown that CrCl3 is an active Lewis acid catalyst in glucose isomerization to fructose, and the combined Lewis and Brønsted acid catalysts perform the isomerization and dehydr...