Water resources are the basis for human survival and development. However, beings face severe challenges of water pollution freshwater shortage. With critical advantages low energy consumption, high efficiency, cost, green pollution-free, renewable electrodes, capacitive deionization (CDI) has become an up-and-coming treatment technology. After decades development, application CDI expanded from...

HNO3-modified activated carbon was used to make electrodes for single-pass capacitive deionization removing F- from drinking water. The optimal operating conditions F¯ removal were studied, and the performance, cycle stability, charge efficiency of electrode investigated. Based on these results, an optimization scheme proposed practical applications. After HNO3 modification, proportion micropor...