The synaptonemal complex is an elaborate meiosis-specific supramolecular protein assembly that promotes chromosome synapsis and meiotic recombination. We inactivated the meiosis-specific gene Tex12 and found that TEX12 is essential for progression of meiosis in both male and female germ cells. Structural analysis of the synaptonemal complex in Tex12-/- meiocytes revealed a disrupted central ele...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To determine whether women receiving dose-dense chemotherapy for breast cancer experience different levels of fatigue than women receiving standard chemotherapy regimens for the disease. DESIGN Quasi-experimental pilot study. SETTING Private physicians' offices in California. SAMPLE 15 women with stage I, II, or III breast cancer receiving dose-dense or standard chemoth...

In many complex networks there is a relatively small group of participants that is well connected and highly influential. In order to understand the whole network and the underlying mechanisms it is very helpful to study the characteristics and the emergence of such a group. Many functional properties are associated with high degree nodes and their interconnectivity patterns (rich-club phenomen...

We have extended the two-dimensional geodynamics finite-element code ‘‘Ellipsis’’ to three-dimensions. Ellipsis uses a hybrid particle in a cell scheme, which combines a fixed mesh of computational points and a dense arrangement of mobile material points. The fixed Eulerian mesh allows very fast computation, performed in Ellipsis via a multigrid iteration method, while the Lagrangian particle r...

Nanostructured metasurfaces offer unique capabilities for subwavelength control of optical waves. Based on this potential, a large number of metasurfaces have been proposed recently as alternatives to standard optical elements. In most cases, however, these elements suffer from large chromatic aberrations, thus limiting their usefulness for multiwavelength or broadband applications. Here, in or...

Platelet dense granules (PDGs) are acidic calcium stores essential for normal hemostasis. They develop from late endosomal compartments upon receiving PDG-specific proteins through vesicular trafficking, but their maturation process is not well understood. Here we show that two-pore channel 2 (TPC2) is a component of the PDG membrane that regulates PDG luminal pH and the pool of releasable Ca(2...

Sparse linear systems Kx = b are considered where K is a specially structured symmetric indeenite matrix. These systems arise frequently, e.g., from mixed nite element discretiza-tions of PDE problems. The LDL T factorization of K with diagonal D and unit lower triangular L is known to exist for natural ordering of K but the resulting triangular factors can be rather dense. On the other hand, f...

T. A. Sundaram, J. C. Gee University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States Synopsis We describe a feature-based approach to non-rigid registration of two-dimensional pulmonary MR images. Finite element meshes are constructed to highlight anatomical features evident on a sagittal lung view. Resulting displacements are compared to dense fields extrapolated from manually placed vascular...

Approximate numerical techniques, for the solution of the elastic wave scattering problem over semi-infinite domains are reviewed. The approximations involve the representation of the half-space by a boundary condition described in terms of 2D boundary element discretizations. The classical BEM matrices are initially re-written into the form of a dense dynamic stiffness matrix and later approxi...

Let H and V be two complex Hilbert spaces. Assume that V is a dense subspace in H and the injection of V into H is continuous. If H is identified with its dual space, we may write V ⊂ H ⊂ V ∗ densely and the corresponding injections are continuous. The norm on V , H, and V ∗ will be denoted by ‖ · ‖, | · |, and ‖ · ‖∗, respectively. The duality pairing between the element v1 of V ∗ and the elem...