Over the past decade the availability of digital photography, digital imaging systems and computer driven digital presentation programs has revolutionised teaching and lecturing. Before the arrival of digital photography it was expensive to purchase dedicated 35mm dental photographic equipment and accessories and it would be more likely to be bought by the dentist who is an amateur photographer...

In this work, nanostructured TiO2 and Cr-doped TiO2 thin films were deposited on glass substrate through sonochemical-chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The resulting thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy techniques. The TiO2 thin film has nanocubic morphology and ...

Topical fluoride therapy (TFT) in the form of toothpastes, mouthrinses, varnishes and gels are effective caries preventive measures. Different fluoride compounds, different vehicles, and vastly different concentrations have been used with different frequencies and durations of application. These variables can influence the clinical outcome with respect to caries prevention and management. The e...

thin film phthalocyanines(pc), incloding zinc, iron, and magnesium phthalocyani-nes, were prepared by vacuum deposition method. chronocoulometry was used to study the charge transfer reaction mechanism of ionic species through the thin films. the results obtained in chronocoulometric studies shows that the thin film phthalocyanines could operate via two mechanisms.the first mechanism metal pc t...

Objectives: This review article is aimed to determine the accuracy of extraoral periapical radiography as a determinant working length in endodontic treatment and advantages disadvantages this technique.
 Review: Endodontic dental for damages reaching pulp which aims maintain tooth. One way succeed an accurate length. The can be determined by intraoral examination but some people are sensi...

The paper describes new approach of potentiostat for very low sensor current measurements. Recent potentiostats were used as measurement devices which were standalone and sensors were connected by a screened wire. These concepts are inconvenient for the presented very low current measurements. The new approach is based on the potentiostat circuitry integrated on a chip that should be directly c...

Current methodologies used for the inference of thin film stress through curvature measurements are strictly restricted to stress and curvature states which are assumed to remain uniform over the entire film/substrate system. Recently Huang, Rosakis and co-workers [Huang, Y., Ngo, D., Rosakis, A.J., 2005. Non-uniform, axisymmetric misfit strain: in thin films bonded on plate substrates/substrat...

AIM To describe the lateral radiographic technique, its use and indication. BACKGROUND The clinician's difficulty in performing the correct diagnosis for some endodontic situations sometimes leads to a compromised treatment of some teeth. Considering this, an alternative radiographic technique for anterior teeth (lateral radiographic technique - LRT) may be used to help endodontic diagnosis. ...