AIM To develop an accurate finite element (FE) model for studying rotary endodontic instruments and to demonstrate the usefulness of the FE method in improving the knowledge of the mechanical behaviour of these instruments during root canal preparation. METHODOLOGY An accurate geometrical model of a Ni-Ti ProTaper F1 instrument was created. The interaction between the rotating instrument and ...

Financial instruments are the subject of considerable interest. The supply promissory notes has attracted attention financial historians, political economists and antiquarians, alike. We consider bank as a mechanism for building corporate identity. article focuses on that were issued in early nineteenth century by newly established joint stock banks English provinces. Despite not having legal p...

Current mechanical, laser and electronic leveling instruments are sometimes not accurate enough to be used for determining either vertical or horizontal level for level-critical applications. By using an ultrasonic echolocation-based distance meter it is possible to design very accurate leveling instruments for a wide range of applications. This article overviews the accuracy of current levelin...

Although many promising objective methods (measuring systems) are available, there are no truly validated instruments for monitoring intensive care unit (ICU) sedation. Auditory evoked potentials can be used only for research in patients with a deep level of sedation. Other measuring systems require further development and validation to be useful in the ICU. Continuing research will provide an ...

Although many promising objective methods (measuring systems) are available, there are no truly validated instruments for monitoring intensive care unit (ICU) sedation. Auditory evoked potentials can be used only for research in patients with a deep level of sedation. Other measuring systems require further development and validation to be useful in the ICU. Continuing research will provide an ...

Let k = k be a quadratic number field with discriminant ∆. For n ≥ 0, we define fields k inductively by taking k as the compositum of all unramified quadratic extensions of k that are central over k. Then k(∞) = ⋃∞ n=0 k (n,2) is the 2-class field tower of k. In the following, we call k the n central 2-step. The structure of the Galois group Gal (k/k) of the first central 2-step is determined b...

although university efl students represent a wide array of social and cultural identities, their multiple and diverse identities are not usually considered in foreign language classrooms. this qualitative case study attempted to examine identity conflicts experienced by iranian efl learners at the university context. to this end, two shiraz university students' identities were investigated. sem...

BACKGROUND There is a need for new satellite remote sensing methods for monitoring tropical forest carbon stocks. Advanced RADAR instruments on board satellites can contribute with novel methods. RADARs can see through clouds, and furthermore, by applying stereo RADAR imaging we can measure forest height and its changes. Such height changes are related to carbon stock changes in the biomass. We...

Film antitranspirants (e.g. di-1-p-menthene) and metabolic exogenous ABA) can be used to protect grain crops from drought, particularly during reproductive development. Here, we compared effects of di-1-p-menthene (1.0 L/ha) ABA (100 µM) on well-watered droughted spring wheat in two glasshouse experiments. Progressive drought was imposed the first experiment, controlled second, both flag leaf e...