This paper discusses plaster, concrete and mortar in terms of their chemical composition, reviews the deterioration of these materials and suggests possible conservation treatments for them. In terms of chemical components, plaster is considered in this paper as being formed primarily of calcium carbonate or calcium sulfate dihydrate (or a mixture of the two); concrete as primarily a mixture of...

Deterioration of reinforced concrete and the reliability of deteriorating structures have been, and still are, widely researched fields. A critical aspect of this research effort is the integration of deterioration modelling with reliability assessment. This paper focuses on this issue and illustrates how the integration of these techniques can lead towards more realistic predictions of the tim...

This paper describes a study conducted to develop a method to facilitate more reliable determination of the rehabilitation priority order for water pipes by taking into account the pipes’ hydraulic importance. Existing methods use only the pipeline deterioration rate to determine the rehabilitation priority order. Accordingly, the deterioration rate under normal conditions and the hydraulic imp...

UNDER INCOMPLETE OBSERVATION PART n Hajime Kawai University of Osaka Prefecture (Received July 6, 1982; Revised June 29, 1983) We consider an optimal ordering and replacement policy of a discrete time Markovian deterioration system when the observation of the system is incomplete. The problem is to examine the structure of an optimal policy which minimizes the total expected discounted cost in ...

Many cognitive functions have been shown to deteriorate with age. Because of the importance of the menopause as a milestone in the life cycles of women, we examined whether the aging-over-time process in some cognitive functions differs between women of reproductive age and postmenopausal women. It is demonstrated here that in some cognitive tests, including driving simulation, reaction time an...

This paper studies a multi-item dynamic lot size problem for perishable products where stock deterioration rates and inventory costs are age-dependent. We explore structural properties in an optimal solution under two cost structures and develop a dynamic programming algorithm to solve the problem in polynomial time when the number of products is fixed. We establish forecast horizon results tha...

BACKGROND Following MPOWER's 2011 report, a study was conducted to quantify the implementation of MPOWER tobacco control policies in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) in 2013 to assess any possible change during the last two years.  METHODS In this cross sectional study, based on 10 categories mentioned in MPOWER 2013, a checklist was designed and its scoring was agreed upon by Iranian a...