Individuals with Friedreich’s ataxia (FA) have an increased risk of developing diabetes. However, the type, onset, and course of diabetes in people with FA are not well characterized. In FA-associated diabetes, both insulin deficiency and insulin resistance have been reported. The presentation and clinical features of diabetes that occur in patients with FA cannot be distinguished from those oc...

SUMMARY We describe three patients presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis secondary to ketosis prone type 2, rather than type 1 diabetes. All patients were treated according to a standard DKA protocol, but were subsequently able to come off insulin therapy while maintaining good glycaemic control. Ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes (KPD) presenting with DKA has not been described previously in Irish ...

Sodium glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of drug approved for the treatment of type-2 diabetes; however they are also increasingly used off label in type-1 diabetic patients. SGLT2 Inhibitors work by increasing glucose excretion in urine. Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is potentially life threatening side effect as patients have normal glucose and minimal sympto...

RATIONALE Alström syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hearing loss, blindness, obesity, non-insulin dependent diabetes, and others. PATIENT CONCERN A 10 years old Saudi girl, who presented with diabetic ketoacidosis and found to have hearing loss and blindness. DIAGNOSIS Alström syndrome. INTERVENTIONS Multidisciplinary team approach, with echocardiography, hearin...

P atients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are often managed in the emergency department before hospital admission. DKA hospitalizations comprise a significant portion of health care costs for diabetes (1). Although mortality for DKA has fallen, it remains an important cause of diabetes-associated death, especially among younger patients with diabetes (2). Prior analyses of DKA have been single...

The acute metabolic complications of diabetes consist of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma (HNC), lactic acidosis (LA), and hypoglycemia. DKA and HNC are related to insulin deficiency. Hypoglycemia results from the treatment of diabetes, either with oral agents or insulin. Although hypoglycemia may occur in conjunction with oral hypoglycemic therapy, it is more common i...

Case E.C, 10 years old female brought to the ER due abdominal pain. Patient is a diagnosed case of B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) thru clinical symptoms, laboratory work-ups and flow cytometry since 2 months prior to her present admission. She has been receiving 8 doses of L-asparaginase (leunase) and Prednisone (60mg/day for a week then 40mg/day for 3 weeks) for almost one month bef...

A surgical operation needing a general anaesthetic carries a greater risk to the child with diabetes than to the child without diabetes. I do not think it necessary nowadays to try and avoid general anaesthesia in the child with diabetes, but I do think that every such surgical procedure and anaesthetic should be taken seriously and a meticulous team approach adopted if peroperative hypoglycaem...

Diabetes mellitus is often cited as a metabolic disease that depresses the antibacterial defenses of the host (1). Many clinical investigators have reported that patients with uncontrolled diabetes are unusually susceptible to bacterial diseases, particularly of staphylococcal etiology (2). Attempts to confirm this relationship experimentally, however, have been only partially successful. No im...

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the culmination of diabetes mellitus that results in unrestrained ketone body formation in the liver, metabolic acidosis, severe dehydration, shock and possibly death. Hepatic lipid metabolism becomes deranged with insulin deficiency and nonesterified fatty acids are converted to acetyl-co-enzyme A (acetyl-CoA) rather than being incorporated into triglycerides. Ac...