During pregnancy the most common metabolic complication is diabetes [1]. The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) has recommended that each pregnancy be tested at 24 – 28 weeks for gestational diabetes by a two-step method (1-hour glucose assessment followed by a 3-hour glucose tolerance test (GTT) when necessary) [2]. The standard of care for those with an elevated 1-hour test ...

The Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is still today a medical emergency in pediatrics. Despite the latest great sensibilization of the population and the doctors, the risk of DKA has not yet been eliminated and this pathology is still occurring in 25 to 40% of diabetes onset cases, in already diagnosed patients with poor compliance (10%), in patients undergoing acute medical or surgical events or in...

INTRODUCTION Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are relatively new antihyperglycemic agents that lower renal glucose reabsorption. They are used as adjunctive therapy to standard diabetes treatment. CASE REPORT We present the case of a 62-year-old woman with a past medical history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and sudden-onset diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Use of canagliflozin, ...

Although the mortality of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has decreased substantially in the developed world, high mortality rates still prevail in South Africa, thus making this an important condition to recognise early and manage well. This review discusses the treatment of DKA, with emphasis on the controversial aspect of initial fluid replacement therapy. Current guidelines recommend the use of...

Data from the UK National Diabetes audit shows a crude one year incidence of 3.6% among people with type 1 diabetes. In the UK nearly 4% of people with type 1 diabetes experience DKA each year, the number of DKA episodes per 100 patient years is 4.8, about 6% of cases of DKA occur in adults newly presenting with type 1 diabetes, and about 8% of episodes occur in hospital patients who did not pr...

A-13-year-old girl presented with diabetic ketoacidosis with convincing clinical signs of parotitis (fever, drooling of saliva, inability to swallow with development of bilateral parotid swelling) and pancreatitis (fever, abdominal pain and vomiting), along with high serum amylase and positive mumps IgM titer. This suggests that mumps virus may have been the causative factor, probably as a resu...

The first published case of Diabetic Ketoacidosis-induced Takotsubo cardiomyopathy was in 2009. Our patient is the 1st reported case of Diabetic Ketoacidosis- (DKA-) induced Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) in a patient with known hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HOCM) in the United States. In the literature, there are only two examples linking DKA to TC; however, this report focuses on the biochemica...

We report a 23-year-old man with beta-thalassemia major and transfusional hemochromatosis, which manifested as diabetic ketoacidosis and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This unusual presentation of diabetic ketoacidosis in hemochromatosis has rarely been reported. Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen showed decreased signal intensity in the liver, spleen, and pancreas. In addition, the pitu...

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