Complication of peritonitis developed in a 61 year old patient who was undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and whose dialysate culture was negative for both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and fungi. Despite the administration of various antibiotics and repeated mechanical lavages, inflammatory response and fever could not be controlled and therefore on the 8th hospital d...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing an in-vitro, closed loop hemodialysis system as a method to assess drug clearance. Secondarily, this study tested the influence of variables (blood flow rate, dialysate flow rate, and type of filter) in the hemodialysis procedure on the clearance of vancomycin and gentamicin. METHODS An in-vitro, closed loop hem...

Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is an important complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) therapy that often occurs in association with peritoneal high transport rate and ultrafiltration failure (UFF). To study the possible pathogenic role of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the relationship of PF and UFF, dialysate CTGF contents (n = 178) and tissue CTGF expression (n = 61) were investigated ...

BACKGROUND The feasibility of anticoagulating the extracorporeal circuit during haemodialysis using a simple citrate-enriched dialysate was evaluated in a prospective, randomised, cross-over study of 24 patients who were at high risk for bleeding. METHODS A dialysate, with a citrate level of 3 mEq/L (1 mmol/L), was generated by adding citrate to the conventional liquid 'bicarbonate concentrat...

Introduction/Objective Most patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have hypertension. However, dialysis-related strategies to optimize blood pressure in these patients remain controversial. The current study aims to investigate the influence of dialysate sodium profiling on ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) in patients on maintenance hemodialysis, when there are no adequate dialytic and eco...

The cirrhotic patient with ascites presents unique challenges to the renal caregiver. This patient population has relative contraindications both to hemodialysis (HD) and to peritoneal dialysis (PD). Challenging hemodynamics and the bleeding risk from acquired coagulopathy make HD problematic. In PD, tense ascites can increase the risk of early catheter leak and complicate the initial instillat...

Ferric pyrophosphate citrate (FPC) is a water-soluble iron salt administered via dialysate to supply iron directly to transferrin. The PRIME study tested whether treatment with FPC could reduce prescribed erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) use and maintain hemoglobin in hemodialysis patients. This 9-month, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter clinical study included 103...

Operant self-administration methods are commonly used to study the behavioral and pharmacological effects of many drugs of abuse, including ethanol. However, ethanol is typically self-administered orally, rather than intravenously like many other drugs of abuse. The pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs are more complex than intravenously administered drugs. Because understanding the re...

We determined percutaneous absorption kinetics of 2-butoxyethanol (BE) in volunteers using microdialysis. Four male volunteers were dermally exposed twice to 90% and 50% aqueous solutions (v/v) of BE for 4.5h. To determine percutaneous absorption kinetics the concentration of BE was measured in the dialysate samples collected at 30 min-intervals throughout exposure. The systemic absorption, whi...