due to high speed computer networks, the use of digitally formatted data has increased many folds.the digital data can be duplicated and edited with great ease which has led to a need for effectivecopyright protection tools. digital watermarking is a technology of embedding watermark withintellectual property rights into images, videos, audios and other multimedia data by a certainalgorithm .di...

abstract limitations of traditional (conventional) soil surveys and improvement of information technology have lead soil surveyors to invent new methods which are generally called digital soil mapping (dsm). the aim of these methods is the prediction of soil classes or soil properties based on easily-available or measuring environmental variables. the objective of this investigation is to study...