Symbioses between sponges and algae are abundant in the nutrient-poor waters of tropical reefs, yet very little is known of the nutritional interactions that may promote this abundance. We measured nitrogen flux between the sponge Haliclona cymiformis and its symbiotic partner, the rhodophyte Ceratodictyon spongiosum, and assessed the potential importance of this flux to the symbiosis. While th...

We studied dogs with unilateral papain-induced emphysema to answer two questions: (1) Do emphysema lung-apposed hemidiaphragm (DiE) and normal lung-apposed hemidiaphragm (DiN) have equal capacities for lowering lung surface pressure? and (2) Are side-to-side differences in intrathoracic pressure the result of unequal force outputs by DiE and DiN or are they caused by differences in their mechan...

Concerns on the Growing Use of Lithium: The Pros and Cons Soodabeh Saeidnia , Mohammad Abdollahi 2, * 1 Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. 2 Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran *Corresponding au...

The Aim of the Study: Identification of the common clinical manifestations and types of autism in children Identification if there is a correlation between the clinical manifestations and blood serotonin level, electroencephalography (EEG) changes, and Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) changes. Subjects Methods: Two groups of children were included in this study :The first group included a...

allameh fadlullah is known as the poet of the jurists and the jurist of the poets. in his diwan (collection of poems), he has addressed a variety of themes, including the prophet’s character. he believes that prophet muhammad was not a mere servant of allah. he was a transmitter of the massage and a connector of god and ummah (the islamic nation), rather than simply a connector of god and an in...

in some persons. Although stigma has decreased after the widespread use of MDT, some disabilities do occur which are mostly due to late initiation of treatment and inappropriate care. Besides the nerve and skin involvement bone changes have been reported to be common in leprosy. These bony changes need to be understood in the present MDT era specially in the context of clinical spectrum and dur...

The Dynamics of Polarized Beliefs in Networks Governed by Viral Diffusion and Media Influence by Mohammad Reza Sanatkar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University