(1019 articles) evolution (733 articles) behaviour Articles on similar topics can be found in the following collections Email alerting service here right-hand corner of the article or click Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article-sign up in the box at the top The study of sexually antagonistic (SA) traits remains largely limited to dioecious (separate sex), mobile animals....

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Evolutionary transitions from heterostyly to dioecy have been proposed in several angiosperm families, particularly in Rubiaceae. These transitions involve the spread of male and female sterility mutations resulting in modifications to the gender of ancestral hermaphrodites. Despite sustained interest in the gender strategies of plants, the structural and developmental bases...

Unlike in animals, dioecy among flowering plants is a rare phenomenon. The vast majority of angiosperm species have bisexual flower that combines male (androecium) and female (gynoecium) reproductive organs. However, about quarter dioecious flowers, which can be located within the same plant (monoecious) or on different (dioecious). formation determined by various genetic mechanisms. They becom...

(2015) Proteomics: a promising tool for research on sex-related differences in dioecious plants. Dioecy is a form of sex distribution in seed plants. In dioecious plants, the male and female reproductive organs sit on different unisexual plants. Dioecy occurs in many plant families, and approximately 14,600 species in 200 families are dioecious (Ming et al., 2007); however, a limited number of ...

Natural selection operates on the mating strategies of hermaphrodites through their functional gender, i.e. their relative success as male versus female parents. Because functional gender will tend to be strongly influenced by sex allocation, it is often estimated in plants by counting seeds and pollen grains. However, a plant's functional gender must also depend on the fate of the seeds and po...

Tinospora cordifolia (Thunb.) Miers, Menispermaceae, is a dioecious creeper, commonly known as "Giloe" or "Guduchi" with significant medicinal importance in the traditional systems of medicine. It is designated as Rasayana drug in Ayurveda and recommended for a number of diseases and also as adaptogen and immunomodulator. The safety and efficacy of herbal medicines are closely correlated with t...

The existence of monoecious and dioecious populations within plant species is rare. This limits opportunities to investigate the ecological mechanisms responsible for the evolution and maintenance of these contrasting sexual systems. In Sagittaria latifolia, an aquatic flowering plant, monoecious and dioecious populations exist in close geographic proximity but occupy distinct wetland habitats ...

Plant species rarely exhibit both monoecious and dioecious sexual systems. This limits opportunities to investigate the consequences of combined versus separate sex function on mating patterns and genetic variation and the analysis of factors responsible for the evolution and maintenance of the two sexual systems. Populations of the North American clonal aquatic Sagittaria latifolia are usually...

Correns's 1903 (Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 21: 133-147) crosses between a monoecious and a dioecious species of Bryonia revealed the simple Mendelian inheritance of dioecy and provided the first instance of an XY sex determination system in any organism. Bryonia ranges from the Canary Islands to Central Asia and comprises seven dioecious and three monoecious species; its cl...

Trematodes of the family Schistosomatidae are considered venous system specialists whose sister group is the vascular system generalists (Spirorchidae) of turtles. Colonization of homeotherms by vascular trematodes required precision egg laying near the conduit for egg passage to the external environment and avoidance of pathogenesis that might result in the premature death of the host. Evoluti...