membrane distillation has the potential to concentrate solutions to their saturation level, thus offering the possibility to recover valuable salts from the solutions. the process performance and stability, however, is strongly dependent upon the features of membranes applied. in addition, several other parameters, membrane thickness and thermal conductivity significantly affect the process per...

background and objectives: red beet extract concentrate can be used as a natural colorant in food products; however, destructive effects of thermal methods to produce juice concentrate decrease nutritional value in the final product. materials and methods: in this study, red beet extract was concentrated using osmotic distillation method, and the best pretreatment was evaluated to increase the ...

in this study, the influence of the salts as an additive on the performance of the membrane was investigated and an extensive work was performed to optimize pvdf hollow fiber membranes through a response surface methodology (rsm). the prepared membranes were characterized by sem, contact angle and lep measurement. then, the rsm was used for the optimization of surface pore size, porosity and hy...

Growing demands for potable water have strained water resources and increased interest in wastewater reclamation for potable reuse. This interest has brought increased attention to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) as emerging water contaminants. The effect of EDCs, and in particular natural steroid hormones, on humans is of heightened interest in the study of wastewater reuse in advanced l...

The heat and mass transfer processes in direct contact membrane distillation (MD) under laminar flow conditions have been analyzed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A two-dimensional heat transfer model was developed by coupling the latent heat, which is generated during the MD process, into the energy conservation equation. In combination with the Navies-Stokes equations, the thermal boun...

In this study, direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) was used for treating fermentation wastewater with high organic concentrations. DCMD performance characteristics including permeate flux, permeate water quality as well as membrane fouling were investigated systematically. Experimental results showed that, after 12hr DCMD, the feed wastewater was concentrated by about a factor of 3.7 on...