Spawning Pacific salmon (Onchorhynchus) transport marine-derived nutrients into streams and rivers. Subsequently, these marine-derived nutrients are incorporated into freshwater and terrestrial food webs through decomposition and predation. In this study, we investigated the influence of spawning Pacific salmon on terrestrial vegetation using stable isotope analysis. We hypothesized that terres...

Abst rac t . We study a corpus of particular Boolean functions: the idempotents. They enable us to construct functions which achieve the best possible tradeoffs between the cryptographic fundamental properties: balancedness, correlation-immunity, a high degree and a high nonlinearity (that is a high distance from the affine functions). They all represent extremely secure cryptographic primitive...

We present a geometrodynamical method for determining distances to orbital streams of HI gas in the Galaxy. The method makes use of our offset from the Galactic centre and assumes that the gas comprising the stream nearly follows a planar orbit about the Galactic centre. We apply this technique to the Magellanic Stream and determine the distances to all points along it; a consistency check show...

[1] Saturn’s magnetic field is remarkably axisymmetric. Early evidence for nonaxisymmetry came from the periodicity of Saturn’s kilometric radio bursts (SKR). Subsequently, percent-level variations of the SKR period were found to occur on timescales of years. A recent breakthrough has been the direct detection of a nonaxisymmetric component of the field that rotates with a period close to that ...

An improved method for the fast correlation attack on certain stream ciphers is presented. The proposed algorithm employs the following decoding approaches: list decoding in which a candidate is assigned to the list based on the most reliable information sets, and minimum distance decoding based on Hamming distance. Performance and complexity of the proposed algorithm are considered. A desirabl...

Boolean functions with good cryptographic criteria when restricted to the set of vectors with constant Hamming weight play an important role in the recent FLIP stream cipher [13]. In this paper, we propose a large class of weightwise perfectly balanced (WPB) functions, which is not extended affinely (EA) equivalent to the known constructions. We also discuss the weightwise nonlinearity profile ...

Let X and Y be any two strings of finite lengths N and M , respectively, over a finite alphabet. An edit distance between X and Y is defined as the minimum sum of elementary edit distances associated with edit operations of substitutions, deletions, and insertions needed to transform X to Y . In this paper, the problem of efficient computation of such a distance is considered under the assumpti...