This paper presents a simple, yet effective method of enhancing the inherent diversity among packet retransmissions in digital communication systems that employ high-order modulations such as M -PSK and M -QAM through frequency-selective channels. Diversity is enhanced by uniquely redefining the bitto-symbol mapping for each retransmission. Finding the optimal mappings leads to iterative soluti...

Traditional landraces of maize are cultivated throughout more than one-half of Mexico's cropland. Efforts to organize in situ conservation of this important genetic resource have been limited by the lack of knowledge of regional diversity patterns. We used recent and historic collections of maize classified for race type to determine biogeographic regions and centers of landrace diversity. We a...

The second generation of terrestrial digital video broadcasting standard (DVB-T2) offers several advantages for greater efficiency. Signal Space Diversity (SSD) contains rotated constellation and Q-Delay (RQD), which is one of advantage that offered to improve the performance over fading channels compared to the non-rotated modulation. In this journal, the proposed low-power de-mapper design of...

Rice Diversity PIC SSR marker Diversity at molecular level among thirty rice genotypes, selected based on earliness and morphometric diversity was evaluated through five SSR markers associated with days to heading. Three primers viz., RM147, RM167 and RM215 showed polymorphism for growth duration related traits. A total of 17 alleles were detected among the 30 rice genotypes with an average of ...

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless technology in combination with the orthogonal frequencydivision multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) is an attractive air interface solution for next-generation wireless local area networks (WLANs). Among the various resources in MIMO multicarrier systems the multiplexing rate assignment is related to the rate of transmissions. Here we proposed a new hybrid cy...

The Lisbon principles for sustainable governance of the oceans enunciate some general guidelines for development and implementation of policies to protect ocean resources and ecosystems. By examining issues of diversity in institutional management of uncertainty and coordination of diverse actors, this paper begins to develop a social map of systematic differences in the ways institutions may i...