Dental restorations, fixed prosthodontics, and implants affect dose distribution in head and neck radiation therapy due to the high atomic number of the materials utilized. The backscatter of electrons from metallic materials due to the impinging treatment x-ray results in localized dose enhancements. These dose enhancements cause localized mucositis in patients who have dental work, a signific...

Background Arthropod-borne viral encephalitis of diverse origins shows similar clinical symptoms, histopathology and magnetic resonance imaging, indicating that the pathomechanisms may be similar. So far, there is no specific therapy for them. Vaccination remains the best prophylaxis against some of them. However, there are increasing numbers of case reports on the successful treatment of arbov...

BACKGROUND Targeted echogenic immunoliposomes (ELIPs) for ultrasound enhancement of atheroma components have been developed. To date, ELIP delivery has been intra-arterial. To determine whether ELIPs can be given intravenously with enhancement of systemic structures, a left ventricular thrombus (LVT) model was developed. METHODS AND RESULTS In 6 animals plus 1 dose-ranging animal, the apical ...

Three photon interaction processes, namely, the photoelectric effect, Compton effect, and pair production, can occur when materials with high atomic numbers are irradiated by the high- and low-energy bremsstrahlung photons from a linear accelerator. A dose enhancement, due to the photoelectric effect and pair production, near targets with platinum implants (with a high atomic number) in radiosu...

Purpose: In radiation therapy, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are regarded as a promising radiosensitizer candidate. Several studies have revealed a dose enhancement by GNPs in X-ray and even proton irradiation. However, these studies have been limited to the depth direction. The dose distribution in both depth and lateral directions is crucial to evaluate the full radio sensitizing effect. The purp...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether the time-intensity curves acquired by test and main dose contrast injections for MR angiography are similar. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 11 patients, repeated contrast-enhanced 2D-turbo-FLASH scans with 1-sec interval were obtained. Both test and main dose time intensity curves were acquired from the abdominal aorta, and the parameters of time-intensity curves for ...

A study was made of the effect of various cytotoxic drugs on the ability of i.v.-injected KHT sarcoma cells to form lung colonies in syngeneic C3H mice. Some enhancement of the number of lung colonies following an i.v. injection was seen following pretreatment of the mice with actinomycin D and mithramycin, while pretreatment with vinblastine, bleomycin, methotrexate, cytosine arabinoside, or 5...

In this work the above-band gap absorption spectrum in two-dimensional Dirac materials is calculated with account for interaction between photocarriers. Both screened Rytova-Keldysh and pure Coulomb attraction potentials electron hole are used study. We find that, under consideration, enhances absorbance narrow interband edge region, a sharp contrast to band model parabolic free-carrier energy ...