When productivity is fostered by both the individual’s human capital and by the average level of human capital in the economy, individuals under-invest in human capital. A strictly positive probability of migration to a richer country, by raising both the level of human capital formed by optimizing individuals in the home country and the average level of human capital of non-migrants in the cou...

In this paper, we propose a new heterostructure dual material gate junctionless field-effect transistor (H-DMG-JLFET), with negative differential resistance (NDR) characteristic. The drain and channel material are silicon and source material is germanium. The gate electrode near the source is larger. A dual gate material technique is used to achieve upward band bending in order to access n-i-p-...

over a period of three months (summer), 108 samples of water collected from four hospitals in te-hran. they were taken from numerous potable and non-potable water, including main supply cis-terns, calorifiers, hot and cold tap water, shower, cooling tower and drain of air condition system. culturing of concentrated and non-concentrated water samples on buffered charcoal yeast extract (bcye) aga...

In prosthesis-based breast reconstruction, drains are used to prevent seroma formation and to reduce the risk of infection. However, prolonged drainage increases the risk of ascending infection. Although the volume often accepted for drain removal is ≤30 mL per day, the optimal timing to remove the drain for best clinical outcome remains controversial.We did a retrospective cohort study of 569 ...

A hypothesis has been advanced recently predicting that, in evolution, as higher-level entities arise from associations of lower-level organisms, and as these entities acquire the ability to feed, reproduce, defend themselves, and so on, the lower-level organisms will tend to lose much of their internal complexity (McShea 2001a). In other words, in hierarchical transitions, there is a drain on ...

Remittances and the Brain Drain In most destination countries, immigration policies are increasingly tilted toward the most skilled individuals. Whether this shift hurts economic prospects in sending countries, as argued by the traditional brain drain literature, is somewhat controversial. The most recent literature has focused on the link between skilled out-migration and educational achieveme...

The ARS Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM ver. 3.25) was used to simulate the effect of field measured macroporosity on atrazine transport to subsurface drain lines. Field data on atrazine concentrations in subsurface drain flow from corn fields, for modified no-till (mNT) and moldboard plow (MP) systems, were used to evaluate the performance of the RZWQM for the growing seasons of 1990, 199...

The Salinas River is the largest of the three rivers that drain into the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary in central California (USA). Large areas of this watershed are cultivated year-round in row crops, and previous laboratory studies have demonstrated that acute toxicity of agricultural drain water to Ceriodaphnia dubia is caused by the organophosphate (OP) pesticides chlorpyrifos and ...

There are nearly 43,000 hip replacements and 33,000 knee replacements performed each year in the United Kingdom. Many of these require a blood transfusion. However, there has been increased public concern about the safety of blood transfusion and various techniques are used to decrease the need for allogenic transfusion. Postoperative blood salvage and reinfusion is one of them. We studied 186 ...