Internal combustion engine emissions are a serious worldwide problem. To combat this, emission regulations have become stricter with the goal of reducing proportion transportation in global air pollution. In addition, European Commission passed real driving emissions–light-duty vehicles (RDE-LDV) regulation that evaluates vehicle by on roads. The RDE test is significantly dependent conditions s...

Most people are aware that regular alcohol drinkers can become tolerant to the effects of alcohol. Tolerance can lessen the outward manifestations of intoxication, and this poses challenges for the drinker and other observers, including law enforcement officers. On the basis of a National Institutes of Health-funded longitudinal study examining a cohort of convicted alcohol-impaired drivers, th...

This paper analyzes the behavior of drivers using Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) within the theoretical framework of Human–Machine Cooperation. The study was carried out on a driving simulator. Driving task performance data and responses to a trust questionnaire were analyzed in order to examine the relationship between driver reliance on ACC and such intervening variables as trust, perceived wo...

This paper investigates how matching age of driver with age of voice in a conversational in-vehicle information system affects attitudes and performance. 36 participants from age groups, 55 -75 and 18 25, interacted with a conversational system with young or old voice in a driving simulator. Results show that all drivers rather communicated with a young than old voice in the car. This willingne...

The color gauge-invariant transverse momentum dependent (TMD) quark correlators contain process dependent gauge links in the bilocal matrix elements. In this paper, we split these process dependent correlators into universal TMD correlators, which in turn can be parametrized in universal TMD distribution functions. The process dependence is contained in gluonic pole factors, of which the value ...

Driver distraction is a high priority topic for NHTSA. NHTSA has concerns that drivers are making potentially dangerous decisions about when to interact with in-vehicle technologies while driving and that this trend may accelerate as new technologies become increasingly available and easier to use. NHTSA has conducted research in the area of driver distraction and workload since 1991. The objec...

Our study explores eye movements and driving behaviour in safety-critical situations. We collected eye movements from subjects instructed to drive predetermined routes in a driving simulator. While driving, the subjects performed various cognitive tasks designed to divert their attention away from the road. The subjects were divided in two groups, a control and a “gaze-contingent cue” (GCC) gro...