This paper presents a design procedure for an adaptive power management control strategy based on a driving cycle recognition algorithm. The design goal of the control strategy is to minimize fuel consumption and engine-out NOx, HC and CO emissions on a set of diversified driving schedules. Seven facility-specific drive cycles are considered to represent different driving scenarios. For each fa...

driving is a complex psychomotor task involving distinct cognitive, perceptual and decision making skills. it needs to more concentration and alertness to driving safe. several studies have shown the potential effects of alcohol in crash production by epidemiological and laboratory analysis. alcohol is obviously the most common single cause of traffic accidents in america. a review of the relat...

the proportion of elderly in the general population is rising, resulting in greater numbers of drivers with neurodegenerative disorders such as alzheimer’s disease (ad) and parkinson’s disease (pd). alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder typified by memory impairment with executive dysfunction, motor problems, and/or language difficulties. parkinson’s disease is a progr...

To better understand the biomechanical mechanisms underlying the association between hyperkyphosis of the thoracic spine and risk of vertebral fracture and other degenerative spinal pathology, we used a previously validated musculoskeletal model of the spine to determine how thoracic kyphosis angle and spinal posture affect vertebral compressive loading. We simulated an age-related increase in ...

[Purpose] Poor posture in children and adolescents is a well-known problem. Therefore, early detection of incorrect posture is important. Photometric posture analysis is a cost-efficient and easy method, but needs reliable reference values. As children's posture changes as they grow, the assessment needs to be age-specific. This study aimed to investigate the development of both one-dimensional...

0141-9382/$ see front matter 2010 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.displa.2010.09.005 ⇑ Tel.: +31 346 356 371; fax: +31 346 353 977. E-mail address: [email protected] The most cited theory on motion sickness is the conflict theory by Reason and Brand (1975) [1], stating that motion sickness occurs due to a conflict between the senses and stored patterns of motion. In addition, there seems to be evi...

Effect of posture on the hypercapnic ventilatory response was studied on the anaesthetized rats by using rebreathing techniques in the supine and head-down positions. There were no statistically significant alterations in tidal volume, frequency, minute ventilation, and P(ET)CO(2)between the head-down and supine positions during breathing at rest. However, the esophageal pressure inspiratory sw...

Automatically adapting vehicle settings due to activities of the driver has crucial impact to safety in road traffic, intelligent driver assistance and vehicle control systems as well as driving comfort. Distraction continues to increase by reason of technology growth (classical officeand home electronics like entertainment and navigation systems, televisions, Email and internet-clients, multim...

The dynamic environment of a van modified to accommodate a person driving from a wheelchair was measured to determine the effects of position within the van and the type of seat used. The project measured accelerations as a subject sat in three positions within the van and upon two different seats. Three separate van maneuvers at different speeds were used to change the dynamic environment. Van...

Nowadays, machine life and traffic jams are part of life and expanded. While economic and welfare benefits of the expansion of communication and the speed of transportation goods and people, the number and severity of traffic accidents increased. According to the World Health Organization, in recent years, Traffic accidents are recognized as the ninth cause of death in the world. In Iran, Traff...