Several factors are considered in car accident analysis. Human factors research has shown that different perceptual and cognitive factors influence driving performance, leading to improvements in vehicle and road design. This case study provides a deeper understanding of the potential influence of major perceptual and cognitive variables on driving performance in general, including (a) driver e...

We report an ethnographic fieldwork on the highly valued mobile phone use in conjunction with car driving. The study is motivated by recent discussions on possible regulations in this area. Our fieldwork reveals different ways, e.g. adaptation of button pressing on mobile devices to traffic situations and provision of remote awareness through conversational cues, in which drivers combine drivin...

The informal social control over alcohol consumption that was traditional in Southern European countries has weakened. At the same time there is an increase in binge drinking and drunkenness among young people in Spain. To mitigate this problem, regulations on alcohol and driving and restrictions on the sale and consumption of alcohol have been adopted. This paper documents the current regulati...

Regulations restricting ownership and the utilisation of private vehicles are on the rise to improve the efficiency and quality of transport systems worldwide. Rising levels of congestion, local air pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions drive decision makers to adopt strategic policies to restrict traffic. License plate lotteries, driving bans, and peak-hour driving restrictions are gain...

Excessive daytime sleepiness has long been known to be associated with an increased risk of often particularly severe traffic accidents. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is among the most prevalent conditions leading to excessive daytime sleepiness, in addition to impaired cognitive function, both of which are likely to impair driving ability. An increased risk of traffic accidents has been demon...

INTRODUCTION Tennis is a professional sport under a strict anti-doping control. However, since the first violation of the code, the positive cases have not been statistically studied. The objective of this study was to analyze doping offences in the international professional tennis circuit. METHODS All offences to the Doping Code committed by tennis players during 2003-2009 were collected fr...

Driver fatigue is internationally recognized as a significant factor in approximately 15 to 20% of commercial road transport crashes. In their efforts to increase road safety and improve working conditions of truck drivers, governments world wide are enforcing stricter limits on the amount of working and driving time without rest. This paper describes an effective optimization algorithm for min...

This overview summarises the key findings of the analytical chapters of this report. It sketches a brief portrait of increasing income inequality in OECD countries and the potential driving forces behind it. It reviews changes in these driving forces and examines their relative impact on inequality. In particular, it looks at the role of globalisation and technological changes, regulatory refor...

BACKGROUND Alcohol is a frequent contributing factor to motor vehicle collision injuries. Our objective was to determine the proportion of intoxicated drivers hospitalized following motor vehicle crashes who were subsequently convicted of an impaired driving criminal code offence. METHODS We reviewed British Columbia Trauma Registry records from Jan. 1, 1992, to Mar. 31, 2000, and identified ...