The observed near infrared background excess over light from known galaxies is commonly ascribed to redshifted radiation from early, very massive, PopIII stars. We show here that this interpretation must be discarded as it largely overpredicts the number of J-dropouts and Lyα emitters in ultra deep field searches. Independently of the detailed physics of Lyα line emission, J-dropouts limit the ...

Acommon problem in clinical trials is the missing data that occurs when patients do not complete the study and drop out without further measurements. Missing data cause the usual statistical analysis of complete or all available data to be subject to bias. There are no universally applicable methods for handling missing data. We recommend the following: (1) Report reasons for dropouts and propo...

This paper introduces a new definition of stochastic protocols for networked control systems (NCS) and the stochastic analogue of the notion of uniform persistency of excitation of protocols first presented in [1]. Our framework applies directly to common wireless and wireline NCS, including those built on collision-sense multiple access (CSMA) style protocols, with Ethernet and 802.11a/b/g as ...

Sixty dropouts from hypertensive clinics were interviewed in depth to determine reasons for noncompliance. Waiting time and a poor doctor-patient relationship were the major reasons given. The average waiting time prior to examination by the doctor was 2.5 hours, and the average waiting time at the pharmacy was 1.8 hours. In contrast the average time spent with the doctor was 7.5 min. The poor ...

The authors investigate a class of observer-based discrete-time networked control systems (NCSs) with multiple-packet transmission where random packet dropouts occur independently in both the sensor-to-controller (S/C) and controller-to-actuator (C/A) channels. The authors first propose and prove the separation principle for the NCSs where packet dropouts in the C/A and S/C channels are governe...

The problems of stochastic stability and H control for a class of discrete time singular networked control systems (SNCSs) with data packet dropouts and nonlinear perturbation are investigated in this paper. By modeling the sensor-tocontroller and controller-to-actuator with random data packet dropouts as Markov chains, the closed-loop system can be expressed as a jump discrete singular system...