With our background in clinical ophthalmic research, mainly of the anterior eye, Bausch and Lomb have asked us to produce an independent report of some of the interesting findings coming out of the research journals each month. As a busy practitioner, this should allow you to keep more up-to-date with cutting edge clinical research and allow you to locate the articles when you want to know more...

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on postmenopausal tear function and the conjunctival epithelium. METHODS Schirmer I-Jones test, tear film break-up time (BUT), and impression cytology findings were analyzed in 34 eyes of 17 women who were at least two years postmenopausal and not taking HRT: This series of tests was repeated after three months on HRT. R...

Corneal sensitivity has recently received much attention given the crucial role the corneal nerves play in maintaining normal corneal structure and function. An increased understanding of the corneal sensitivity and dry eye disease in keratoconus, including alterations of the conjunctival cells, may help explain the pathogenesis of this disorder. There is histological evidence of the involvemen...

AIM To determine the prevalence and identify associated risk factors for dry eye syndrome in a population in Sumatra, Indonesia. METHODS A one stage cluster sampling procedure was conducted to randomly select 100 households in each of the five rural villages and one provincial town of the Riau province, Indonesia, from April to June 2001. Interviewers collected demographic, lifestyle, and med...

IMPORTANCE Botulinum toxin injection for lateral canthal rhytids has been reported to result in dry eye, but its effect on tear film stability and tear production has not been studied thoroughly. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of botulinum toxin type A on tear film stability and tear production after treatment of lateral canthal rhytids. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We performed a...

PURPOSE To evaluate the correlation between changes in tear osmolarity, symptoms, and corneal fluorescein staining in patients with dry eye disease (DED). DESIGN Retrospective, clinic-based cohort study. METHODS In this single-institution study, we reviewed the charts of 186 patients with DED from whom we had data on tear osmolarity, symptoms, and corneal fluorescein staining from 2 separat...

We read the article titled “risk factors for pterygium in the high-altitude communities” and found it very interesting (Maharjan et al, 2014). The authors have highlighted the higher prevalence of pterygium, more amongstthe farmers than in the other professionals. Based on the present report, it seems that there is no specific finding regarding the high altitude environment. The main question i...

To the Editor: During the past 3 years, several studies have suggested that small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) is a promising alternative to LASIK for the correction of myopia. For this reason, we have read with great interest the article by Lin et al.1 about the comparison of the visual results after SMILE and femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK (FS-LASIK) for the treatment of myopia. Ho...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the evidence in the peer-reviewed literature regarding the use of tear osmolarity as a physiological marker to diagnose, grade severity, and track therapeutic response in dry eye disease (DED). In addition, to review the evidence for the role of tear osmolarity in the pathophysiology of DED and ocular surface disease. METHODS A literature review of all publications after...