Swarm optimization, swarm intelligence and swarm robotics are the fields considering a group of relatively simple individuals able cooperate to perform complex tasks, in decentralized manner. The inspiration is found in the first line within animal societies, such as birds, ants and bees. Social insects exhibit successful behavior in performing complex tasks on the level of the group, and are a...

development of new cultivars with high grain yield (gy) stability and good adaptability under both terminal drought stress (tds) and normal irrigation conditions, which plays important role in production of wheat, is one of the major goals of wheat breeding program for cold dry areas of iran. the objective of this investigation was to study the stability and adaptability of gy and genotype × lo...

potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes exhibit significant variation for chip color across different storage regimes. Lines that maintain light chip color after long postharvest storage durations and low storage temperatures are desirable to the potato industry. Since storage regimes vary among growers and processors, lines that exhibit stable chip performance across various storage regimes ha...

Several evolutionary algorithms (EAs) have emerged in the past decade that mimic biological entities behavior and evolution. Darwin’s theory of evolution is the major inspiration source for EAs. The foundation of Darwin’s theory of evolution is natural selection. The study of evolutionary algorithms began in the 1960s. Several researchers independently developed three mainstream evolutionary al...

Scatter search (SS) and path relinking (PR) are evolutionary methods that have been successfully applied to a wide range of hard optimization problems. The fundamental concepts and principles of the methods were first proposed in the 1970s and 1980s, and were based on formulations, dating back to the 1960s, for combining decision rules and problem constraints. The methods use strategies for sea...

The atmosphere is an inhomogeneous system of vapors, and liquid as well as solid particles. The nucleation process is an important source of particles, observed at most sites where particle measurements have been carried out. Sulfuric acid plays an important role in the first steps of particle formation, but a complete picture of process, after several years of research, is still unclear. Compu...

Swarming is behaviour which emerges from the action of individual agents. Models of swarm behaviour impose fixed model parameters on the agents comprising the swarm. This paper evaluates the possibility of extracting the parameters of a swarm model from the swarm. This can be achieved by evolving the parameters of a single agent that interacts with the swarm. The approach was inspired by work o...