population growth and unemployment issues caused to care about entrepreneurship in third and fourth economic development programs. now, after execution of these programs, it is essential to assess entrepreneurship development progress. this article designed to formulate a model of entrepreneurship policies in order to assess these policies. so, a conceptual model formulated with 12 dimensions b...

according to endogenous tariff hypothesis, tariff is endogenously determined by the set of political economy factors. using the co- integrated var approach and in the framework of the hypothesis, the present study examined the determinants of tariff protection in iran over the period 1971-2010. based on the results, though no evidence has been obtained about the impact of unemployment and impor...

The basic structure of a CGE model dividing Mainland China into two parts, including Chongqing and rest regions, is described. Based on this CGE model, both the unilateral impact and collaborative impact of two policies, agricultural technical progress and supporting policies for improving rural labor transfer on the economic development in Chongqing, are simulated and analyzed. The results dem...

Health has moved up on the political agendas of most governments around the globe. The interdependence of economic, environmental and social conditions and health is increasingly understood. In turn, the experiences in health promotion with building healthy public policies become more important. Future "health in all policies" efforts, however, need to consider changing political contexts. Ther...

J apan registered a remarkable 6.5 percent rate of economic growth from 1955 to 1990, catching up with high-income western countries in its level of economic development. During the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s and into the 1980s, Japan’s share of world exports rose dramatically, from 2.9 percent in 1960 to 6.1 percent in 1970, 8.2 percent in 1980, and a peak of 9.8 percent in 1985 (Porter, Takeuchi and...

There is widespread consensus among economists that institutions matter for economic development or stagnation. A large literature indicates that wealthy countries are those where property rights are clearly defined and protected, the rule of law is established and enforced, citizens have political and civil liberties, and policymakers adopt sound monetary and fiscal policies.1 Poor countries t...