نتایج جستجو برای: efavirenz
تعداد نتایج: 2276 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
BACKGROUND Neurological pathogenesis is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and differences in neuronal/glial handling of oxygen and glucose. The main side effects attributed to efavirenz involve the CNS, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. METHODS Human cell lines and rat primary cultures of neurons and astrocytes were treated with clinically relevant efavirenz concentration. ...
Results The frequency of CYP2B6 516G>T and CYP2A6*9 genotypes were GG 29.8%, GT 44.3%, TT 25.9% and CC 91.6%, AC 8.7%, and AA 0.39%, respectively. Both polymorphisms were statistically associated with efavirenz plasma concentrations. Median plasma concentrations according to CYP2B6 516G>T were 1297, 1833 (P < 0.05) and 2248 (P < 0.001) μg/ml for GG, GT and TT individuals, respectively. Median p...
The aim of this study was to enhance the dissolution rate of efavirenz using solid dispersion systems (binary and ternary). A comparison between solvent and fusion method was also investigated. Solid dispersions of efavirenz were prepared using polyethylene glycol 8000, polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 alone and combination of both. Tween 80 was incorporated to obtain a ternary solid dispersion system....
BACKGROUND The MERIT (Maraviroc versus Efavirenz in Treatment-Naive Patients) study compared maraviroc and efavirenz, both with zidovudine-lamivudine, in antiretroviral-naive patients with R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. METHODS Patients screened for R5 HIV-1 were randomized to receive efavirenz (600 mg once daily) or maraviroc (300 mg once or twice daily) with zidov...
AIMS Using a model-based approach, the efavirenz steady-state pharmacokinetics in African children is characterized, quantifying demographic and genotypic effects on the drug's disposition. Simulations are also conducted allowing prediction of optimized doses of efavirenz in this population. METHODS We modelled the steady-state population pharmacokinetics of efavirenz in Ugandan and Zambian c...
BACKGROUND Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) metabolizes efavirenz and nevirapine, the major core antiretroviral drugs for HIV in Thailand. Rifampicin, a critical component of tuberculosis (TB) therapy is a potent inducer of CYP enzyme activity. Polymorphisms of CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 are associated with altered activity of hepatic enzyme in the liver and pharmacokinetics resulting in treatment efficacy....
Ritonavir-boosted darunavir with efavirenz may be considered a nucleoside-sparing regimen for treatment-naïve HIV-infected patients. However, the pharmacokinetics of this combination administered once daily have not been studied. We conducted a three-period interaction study with healthy volunteers. The subjects were given darunavir at 900 mg with ritonavir at 100 mg once daily for 10 days. Efa...
OBJECTIVE To assess the potential association of selected antiretrovirals (ARVs), including efavirenz, with suicidality. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), by performing a Multi-Item Gamma Poisson Shrinker (MGPS) disproportionality analysis. METHODS MGPS disproportionality analysis, a technique to identify associations b...
BACKGROUND once-daily combinations of efavirenz and two nucleoside analogues are recommended for the treatment of HIV infection. Long-term efficacy and safety data are scarce for the combination of efavirenz, emtricitabine and didanosine. METHODS the ALIZE ANRS 099 trial enrolled 355 adults with plasma HIV RNA levels of <400 copies/mL under a protease inhibitor-based regimen, who were randomi...
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