We describe a method to genetically manipulate Chaetomium thermophilum, a eukaryotic thermophile, along with various biochemical applications. The transformation method depends on a thermostable endogenous selection marker operating at high temperatures combined with chromosomal integration of target genes. Our technique allows exploiting eukaryotic thermophiles as source for purifying thermost...

Eukaryotic cells have developed a series of highly controlled processes of transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The present review focuses on the latest advances in our understanding of nucleocytoplasmic exchange of molecules in yeast, a widely studied model organism in the field. It concentrates on the role of individual proteins such as nucleoporins and karyopherins in the translocati...

One of the central questions of humankind is: which chemical and physical conditions are necessary to make life possible? In this “origin-of-life” context, formamide plays an important role, because it has been demonstrated that prebiotic molecules can be synthesized from concentrated formamide solutions. Recently, it could be shown, using finite-element calculations combining thermophoresis an...

This study investigates the effect of pore size and porosity on the maximum cell concentration in sponge through their influence on nutrient diffusion and surface area. Brownian dynamics simulation is employed to analyze the effect of pore size and porosity exerted on effective diffusivity of sponge. Only porosity is found to have prominent impact on effective diffusivity of nutrient. Simple ge...

The translocation of large macromolecules through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) of eukaryotic cells is hindered by the phenylalanine-glycine (FG) nucleoporin (Nup) barrier unless molecules are chaperoned by transport receptors. The precise mechanism of facilitated translocation remains unclear due to the challenges of measuring the series of transient interactions between a transport receptor ...

   Graphene oxide nanosheet (GONS) can be a suitable membrane for gas separation with high permeability and selectivity. Separation of N2/CO2 using functionalized GONS was investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The simulated systems were comprised of two types of GONS with a pore in their center, N2 and CO2 molecules. The selectivity and ...

The nuclear pore complex (NPC) arose in evolution as the cell's largest and most versatile transport channel. Current models for selective transport mediated by NPCs are focused on properties of intrinsically disordered regions of nucleoporins that bind transport factors. In contrast, structured regions are considered to provide static anchoring sites for the disordered regions without affectin...

The three-dimensional structure of the nuclear pore complex has been determined to a resolution of approximately 90 A by electron microscopy using nuclear envelopes from Xenopus oocytes. It is shown to be an assembly of several discrete constituents arranged with octagonal symmetry about a central axis. There are apparent twofold axes perpendicular to the octad axis which suggest that the frame...