Electric circuit analysis determines the voltage and current distribution in an electric circuit due to applied source voltages or currents. In a static (DC) electric circuit analysis, the voltage and current distribution in an electric circuit is determined that is subjected to applied DC source voltages or currents. In a harmonic (AC) electric circuit analysis, the voltage and current distrib...

Pure cobalt coatings were electrodeposited on copper substrate by means of direct electric current in a chloride solution at different current densities in the range of 10-70 mA cm -2 . The surface morphology and microstructure were investigated via X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Corrosion behavior of cobalt coatings was also studied in a 3.5 wt% NaCl soluti...

Endogenous electric field is known to play important roles in the wound-healing process, mainly through its effects on protein synthesis and cell migration. Many clinical studies have demonstrated that electrical stimulation (ES) with steady direct currents is beneficial to accelerating wound-healing, even though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, a three-dimensiona...

A novel scanning probe microscopy technique has allowed dielectrophoretic force imaging with nanoscale spatial resolution. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) traditionally describes the mobility of polarizable particles in inhomogeneous alternating current (ac) electric fields. Integrating DEP with atomic force microscopy allows for noncontact imaging with the image contrast related to the local electric ...

It is widely believed that temperature gradient does not induce electric field in the superconductor and consequently that thermoelectric effects do not exist, or are negligible in these materials. This statement is correct only as far as effective electric field or gradient of the electrochemical potential is concerned. In normal metals temperature gradient generates effective electric field, ...

A South American gymnotid, Eigenmannia, is known to be a kind of weak electric fish, producing continuously the electric organ discharge with an intensity of about 1 V. and a constant frequency of about 300 cyc./sec. at 25 C. (Coates, Altamirano & Grundfest, 1954; Lissmann, 1958). The frequency is a function of temperature, with a Q10 of about 1*5. At a fixed temperature, however, the discharge...

A recently presented solution method for the bidomain model (Johnston et al. 2006), which involves the application of direct current for studying electrical potential in a slab of cardiac tissue, is extended here to allow the use of an applied alternating current. The advantage of using AC current, in a four-electrode method for determining cardiac conductivities, is that instead of using 'clos...