We observe photocurrents induced in single-layer graphene samples by illumination of the graphene edges with circularly polarized terahertz radiation at normal incidence. The photocurrent flows along the sample edges and forms a vortex. Its winding direction reverses by switching the light helicity from left to right handed. We demonstrate that the photocurrent stems from the sample edges, whic...

Abstract: Interior permanent magnet (IPM) motors are widely used in electric vehicles (EVs), benefiting from the excellent advantages of a more rational use of energy. For further improvement of energy utilization, this paper presents an analytical method of dand q-axis inductance calculation for IPM motors with V-shaped rotor in no-load condition. A lumped parameter magnetic circuit model (LPM...

The first description of the static characteristics of a device called magnetron was described by A. W. Hull in 1921. The tube had a linear filament in a coaxial cylindrical plate. The plate cylinder was surrounded by a winding, used to generate a magnetic field. The radial electric field and the superimposed magnetic field forced electrons to follow circular orbits before reaching anode. If th...

Monitoring of winding faults is the most important item used to determine the maintenance status of a transformer. Commonly used methods for winding-fault diagnosis require the transformer to exit operation before testing and an external exciting signal, whether the transformer is malfunctioning or not. However, if an overvoltage signal can be regarded as a broadband excitation source for fault...

Bosonic string formation in gauge theories is reviewed with particular attention to the confining flux in lattice QCD and its string theory description. Recent results on the Casimir energy of the ground state and the string excitation spectrum are analyzed in the Dirichlet string limit of large separation between static sources. The closed string-soliton (torelon) with electric flux winding ar...

A platform implemented with Digital Signal Controllers (DSCs) developed for real time studies of the dynamic behavior of the air-gapped current transformers (CTs) used in power grid protection and measurement systems is presented. The implemented algorithms simulate the fault current in an electric power system as well as the transient response of the current transformer. It is also presented a...

A novel multistage numerical modeling approach to simulate acoustic-wave generation and propagation of an electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) is presented. The model assumes a uniform static magnetic field in a conducting half-space. A meander coil winding situated above the half-space is driven by a transient high-frequency current pulse. The numerically computed eddy currents in the co...

The stator immersed oil cooling has emerged as a promising thermal management method for high power density electric machines applied in aerospace applications. However, due to the complex geometry of end-winding, research on convective heat transfer coefficient (CHTC) flooded is still at infancy. This article investigates characteristics end-winding oil-cooled electrical by computational fluid...

In the paper types of motors for vehicles and highlights switched reluctance motor type as one that has a simple design, high reliability low cost. The principle operation (SRM) their modifications are given. However, widespread use SRM in is constrained by specific torque its ripple. To increase torque, paired winding windings on adjacent rods U-shaped stator poles proposed. formation rotation...

The main advantages of multi-winding (multiphase) induction machines include reducing torque ripple, decreasing rotor harmonics losses, the current per phase without increasing voltage phase, DC source, and high fault tolerance. authors propose a theoretical description for harmonic content DC-link current, magnetomotive force, electromagnetic machine (IM), an account interaction time power sup...