Electrical conductivity is an important property for technological applications of nanofluids that has not been widely studied. Conventional descriptions such as the Maxwell model do not account for surface charge effects that play an important role in electrical conductivity, particularly at higher nanoparticle volume fractions. Here, we perform electrical characterizations of propylene glycol...

The invasion of native plants has posed a serious risk to species diversity and ecosystem function. How they modify underground community facilitate successful remain unknown. Soil diazotrophs may play an important role in by plants. Stellera chamaejasme L. expanded within around the heavily degraded Horqin Grassland northeast China recent decades. This study aims detect effect expansion S. on ...

the main diatomic structure-forming species of the zayandehrud reservoir was investigated by collecting samples from the surface, five, seven and 10 m depths from january 2011 to october 2012 along four linear transects. asterionella formosa hassall, cyclotella ocellata pantocsek and fragilaria crotonensis kitton were revealed as the three structure-forming species among diatomic algae in the r...

the split-block experimental design with three replications was used to study the effect of subsoiling in different distances from drain axison soil salinity,and wheat yield. the measurements included soil cone index, soil bulkdensity, infiltration rate and electrical conductivity of saturated extract. each treatment was composed of two factors. the main factors consisted of 3 different distanc...

The electrical conductivity of pure Cu powder is typically deteriorated at elevated temperatures due to the oxidation by forming non-conducting oxides on surface, while enhancing oxidation resistance via alloying is often accompanied by a drastic decline of electrical conductivity. Obtaining Cu powder with both a high electrical conductivity and a high oxidation resistance represents one of the...

The use of brackish groundwater (BGW) to supplement irrigation shortfalls has increased because decreasing surface water availability in the arid areas southern United States. Reuse reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate, a by-product resulting from desalination BGW, can increase portfolio. This 2-yr greenhouse study aimed quantify changes physical and thermal soil properties, evapotranspiration (ET)...

Uniform incorporation of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) is a recommended best management practice to reduce nitrogen leaching losses from container-plant production. The potential for damage CRF prill coating when mechanically incorporated into soilless substrate was tested. Osmocote Plus 15-9-12 uniformly or manually at the same rate and leachate collected over 76 days. Two experiments we...

Time-domain reflectometry (TDR) methods used for measuring the dielectric properties of materials mostly utilize step or needle electrical pulses of constant amplitudes and shapes. Our novel approach enables determining the dielectric relaxation time of a sample using the analysis of the amplitudes of reflected pulses of two widths, in addition to bulk dielectric permittivity and electrical con...

By enhancing mass transfer and energy release, the cycle of volatiles and melt is a major component of subduction. Investigating this fluid cycle is therefore critical to understand the past and current activity of subduction zones. Fluids can significantly affect rock electrical conductivity and elastic parameters that are measured using electromagnetic and seismic methods, respectively. This ...

INTRODUCTION There is many ways to assessing the electrical conductivity anisotropy of a tumor. Applying the values of tissue electrical conductivity anisotropy is crucial in numerical modeling of the electric and thermal field distribution in electroporation treatments. This study aims to calculate the tissues electrical conductivity anisotropy in patients with sarcoma tumors using diffusion t...