OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the effects of electrode placement, geometry, and polarity during epidural cortical stimulation (ECS) on thresholds for direct activation of cortical neurons. METHODS We used a computational model of epidural electrical stimulation of the motor cortex coupled to compartmental models of cortical neurons. RESULTS Thresholds varied with stimulat...

High Speed Homodyne Detector for Gaussian-Modulated Coherent-State Quantum Key Distribution Yuemeng Chi Master of Applied Science Graduate Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 2009 We developed a high speed homodyne detector in the telecommunication wavelength region for a Gaussian-modulated coherent-state quantum key distribution experiment. We are able to ac...

Analysis of the existence memory phenomena in model heterostructures based on doped ferrite La0.5Sr0.5Fe0.75Al0.2Ni0.05O3-δ with a perovskite structure has been carried out. It was demonstrated that one 5-10 μm thick layer sandwiched between Pt and Ni electrodes exhibits an analog memristor behavior. Under positive polarity, this heterostructure shows smooth increase electrical conductivity, op...

Electrical stimulation of the retina following photoreceptor degeneration in diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration has become a promising therapeutic strategy for the restoration of vision. Many retinal neurons remain functional following photoreceptor degeneration; however, the responses of the different classes of cells to electrical stimuli have not been ...

The electrical and spectral properties of depolarizing (proximal) and hyperpolarizing (distal) photoreceptors in the eye of the scallop, Pecten irradians, were examined. Both depolarizing and hyperpolarizing responses are associated with an increase in membrane conductance; in addition, the depolarizing response is characterized by a secondary decrease in conductance at light intensities which ...

Genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) produce unprecedentedly large signals that have enabled routine optical recording of single neuron activity in vivo in rodent brain. Genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) offer a more direct measure of neuronal electrical status, however the signal-to-noise characteristics and signal polarity of the probes developed to date have precluded ...

Keywords: Inter-poly dielectric (IPD) ONO Leakage current Bias polarity a b s t r a c t Retention characteristic represents a capability to maintain the storage data and it is related with the reliability of memory device. The retention characteristic is degraded by the leakage of charges from a floating gate to a control gate, and thus the leakage current at low and moderate electric field of ...

The nonintrusive load monitor (NILM) determines the operating schedule of the major electrical loads in a building from measurements made at the utility service entry. This paper describes a multiscale transient event detection algorithm that extends the applicability of the NILM to challenging commercial and industrial sites. The performance of the algorithm is illustrated with results from a ...

The paper presents the concept and the verification of a novel silicon monolithic active pixel detector realized in the SOI technology. The reliability and the basic electrical characteristics of the sensor are studied and the sensor sensitivity to the ionising radiation is investigated in details. 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.